ReviewWorld journal of gastroenterology2009
Hepatitis C virus and ethanol alter antigen presentation in liver cells.
Review in World journal of gastroenterology, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mapping the research landscape of nanotechnology based immunotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma.Discover oncology · 2025Article
- Astragaloside IV Regulates cGAS-STING Signaling Pathway to Alleviate Immunosuppression Caused by PRRSV Infection.Viruses · 2023Article
- Second hits exacerbate alcohol-related organ damage: an update.Alcohol and alcoholism (Oxford, Oxfordshire) · 2021Review
- The effects of alcohol on spontaneous clearance of acute hepatitis C virus infection in females versus males.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2016Observational
- Alcohol use disorder and its impact on chronic hepatitis C virus and human immunodeficiency virus infections.World journal of hepatology · 2016Review
- Influence of host resistance on viral adaptation: hepatitis C virus as a case study.Infection and drug resistance · 2015Review
- Update on Alcohol and Viral Hepatitis.Journal of clinical and translational hepatology · 2014Review
- Influence of HIV and HCV on T cell antigen presentation and challenges in the development of vaccines.Frontiers in microbiology · 2014Review
- Ethanol and hepatitis C virus suppress peptide-MHC class I presentation in hepatocytes by altering proteasome function.Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research · 2012Article
- Hepatitis C virus-mediated inhibition of cathepsin S increases invariant-chain expression on hepatocyte surface.Journal of virology · 2012Article
- The peritoneal macrophage inflammatory profile in cirrhosis depends on the alcoholic or hepatitis C viral etiology and is related to ERK phosphorylation.BMC immunology · 2012Article
- Roles of the two distinct proteasome pathways in hepatitis C virus infection.World journal of virology · 2012Article
- Redox signaling and the innate immune system in alcoholic liver disease.Antioxidants & redox signaling · 2011Review
- Ethanol inhibits antigen presentation by dendritic cells.Clinical and vaccine immunology : CVI · 2011Article
- Innate immunity in alcoholic liver disease.American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology · 2011Review
- Effects of ethanol on the proteasome interacting proteins.World journal of gastroenterology · 2010Review
- Impaired methylation as a novel mechanism for proteasome suppression in liver cells.Biochemical and biophysical research communications · 2010Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Alcoholic patients have a high incidence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Alcohol consumption enhances the severity of the HCV disease course and worsens the outcome of chronic hepatitis C. The accumulation of virally infected cells in the liver is related to the HCV-induced inability of the immune system to recognize infected cells and to develop the immune responses. This review covers the effects of HCV proteins and ethanol on major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I- and class II-restricted antigen presentation. Here, we discuss the liver which functions as an immune privilege organ; factors, which affect cleavage and loading of antigenic peptides onto MHC class I and class II in hepatocytes and dendritic cells, and the modulating effects of ethanol and HCV on antigen presentation by liver cells. Altered antigen presentation in the liver limits the ability of the immune system to clear HCV and infected cells and contributes to disease progression. HCV by itself affects dendritic cell function, switching their cytokine profile to the suppressive phenotype of interleukin-10 (IL-10) and transforming growth factor beta (TGFbeta) predominance, preventing cell maturation and allostimulation capacity. The synergistic action of ethanol with HCV results in the suppression of MHC class II-restricted antigen presentation. In addition, ethanol metabolism and HCV proteins reduce proteasome function and interferon signaling, thereby suppressing the generation of peptides for MHC class I-restricted antigen presentation. Collectively, ethanol exposure further impairs antigen presentation in HCV-infected liver cells, which may provide a partial explanation for exacerbations and the poor outcome of HCV infection in alcoholics.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.