Evidence map›Paper›PMID 19290690›Full record

SynthesisPsychology of addictive behaviors : journal of the Society of Psychologists in Addictive Behaviors2009

Self-efficacy and smoking cessation: a meta-analysis.

Chad J Gwaltney, Jane Metrik, Christopher W Kahler, Saul Shiffman

Registry-linked trialAbstract readMeta-Analysis
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Psychology of addictive behaviors : journal of the Society of Psychologists in Addictive Behaviors, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03194958 (Helping the Poor Quit Smoking), which is not on this map. Cited by 193 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
193citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT03194958 nacompletednot on this mapstarted 2017, after this paper: background citation

Helping the Poor Quit Smoking: Specialized Quitlines and Meeting Basic Needs

TypeinterventionalSponsorWashington University School of MedicineRan2017 to 2022Enrolled1,944ConditionsSmoking Cessation, Smoking, Tobacco, Smoking, Cigarette, Smoking, PipeArmsSpecialized Quitline, Basic Needs Navigator
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

193 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Patients' Expectations Predict Surgery Outcomes: A Meta-Analysis.International journal of behavioral medicine · 2016
    Pooled it
  2. A systematic review of the relationships between craving and smoking cessation.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2013
    Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Mechanisms of change in a randomized control pilot study of partner-involved financial incentive treatments for dual-smoking couples.Health psychology : official journal of the Division of Health Psychology, American Psychological Association · 2025
    Trial
  5. Trial
  6. Trial
  7. Harnessing Hope and Bolstering Knowledge of How to Quit: A Qualitative Investigation of Including Efficacy Content in Tobacco Risk Communication via Daily SMS.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2025
    Trial
  8. Trial
  9. Trial
  10. Trial
  11. Trial
  12. Trial
  13. Trial
  14. A Psychometric Evaluation of the Stanford Expectations of Treatment Scale (SETS) in the Context of a Smoking Cessation Trial.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2022
    Trial
  15. Trial
  16. Trial
  17. Trial
  18. Trial
  19. Trial
  20. Trial

133 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Chad J GwaltneyCenter for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Department of Community Health, Brown University, USA. chad_gwaltney@brown.edu
Jane Metrik
Christopher W Kahler
Saul Shiffman

Funding

Substance Abuse Intervention/Outcome Research TrainingT32DA016184 · NIDA · BROWN UNIVERSITY · PI Damaris J. Rohsenow, JENNIFER W. TIDEY · 2003 to 2026
$6.1M
NIDA NIH HHS DA016184NIDA NIH HHS T32 DA016184
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

According to relapse models, self-efficacy (SE), or confidence in one's ability to abstain, should predict the outcome of an attempt to quit smoking. We reviewed 54 studies that prospectively examined this relationship. The relationship between SE and future smoking depended upon the population studied and the timing of the SE assessment. The relationship between SE and future smoking was modest when SE was assessed prior to a quit attempt; SE scores were .21 standard deviation units (SD) higher for those not smoking at follow-up than for those who were smoking. The relationship was stronger (.47 SD) when SE was assessed post-quit. However, this effect was diminished when only abstainers at the time of the SE assessment were included in analysis (.28 SD). Controlling for smoking status at the time of SE assessment substantially reduced the relationship between SE and future smoking. Although SE has a reliable association with future abstinence, it is less robust than expected. Many studies may overestimate the relationship by failing to appropriately control for smoking behavior at the time of the SE assessment. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2009 APA, all rights reserved).

Indexed as

Behavior TherapyCognitionSelf EfficacySmoking PreventionHumansProspective StudiesSecondary PreventionSmokingSmoking CessationTime FactorsTreatment Outcome

Identifiers

PMID19290690
PMCPMC3829471

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.