Trial reportBMC pediatrics2009
Hyperbaric treatment for children with autism: a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, controlled trial.
Trial report in BMC pediatrics, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. It is linked to trial NCT00335790 (A Prospective, Randomized, Double-Blind, Controlled Study on the Clinical Effects of Hyperbaric Therapy in Autistic Children), which is not on this map. Cited by 39 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Prospective, Randomized, Double-Blind, Controlled Study on the Clinical Effects of Hyperbaric Therapy in Autistic Children
Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 97 citations in OpenAlex.
- Hyperbaric oxygen therapy for people with autism spectrum disorder (ASD).The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2016Pooled it
- Brief report: Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) in children with autism spectrum disorder: a clinical trial.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2012Trial
- Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy and Mild Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy Are Not Synonymous: A Narrative Review.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Review
- Oxygen and the Spark of Human Brain Evolution: Complex Interactions of Metabolism and Cortical Expansion across Development and Evolution.The Neuroscientist : a review journal bringing neurobiology, neurology and psychiatry · 2024Article
- A Descriptive Study on the Impacts of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy on Autistic Individuals Using Parent Testimonies.Cureus · 2024Article
- Effects of hyperbaric oxygen therapy on autistic behaviors andFrontiers in neuroscience · 2024Article
- Article
- Advances in the Treatment of Autism Spectrum Disorder: Current and Promising Strategies.Current medicinal chemistry · 2024Review
- Case report: Dementia sensitivity to altitude changes and effective treatment with hyperbaric air and glutathione precursors.Frontiers in neurology · 2024Article
- Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy Alleviates Social Behavior Dysfunction and Neuroinflammation in a Mouse Model for Autism Spectrum Disorders.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Article
- Molecular and Therapeutic Aspects of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy in Neurological Conditions.Biomolecules · 2020Review
- Where is the Evidence? A Narrative Literature Review of the Treatment Modalities for Autism Spectrum Disorders.Cureus · 2019Review
- Autism Spectrum Disorder and Cannabidiol: Have We Seen This Movie Before?Global pediatric health · 2018Article
- The efficacy of hyperbaric oxygen in hemorrhagic stroke: experimental and clinical implications.Archives of medical science : AMS · 2017Article
- Hyperbaric oxygen therapy for children with autism spectrum disorder.Canadian family physician Medecin de famille canadien · 2017Review
- Hyperbaric oxygen therapy as a potential treatment for post-traumatic stress disorder associated with traumatic brain injury.Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment · 2016Review
- Current Neurogenic and Neuroprotective Strategies to Prevent and Treat Neurodegenerative and Neuropsychiatric Disorders.Neuromolecular medicine · 2015Review
- Complementary and Alternative Therapies for Autism Spectrum Disorder.Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM · 2015Review
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
11 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundSeveral uncontrolled studies of hyperbaric treatment in children with autism have reported clinical improvements; however, this treatment has not been evaluated to date with a controlled study. We performed a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, controlled trial to assess the efficacy of hyperbaric treatment in children with autism.
methods62 children with autism recruited from 6 centers, ages 2-7 years (mean 4.92 +/- 1.21), were randomly assigned to 40 hourly treatments of either hyperbaric treatment at 1.3 atmosphere (atm) and 24% oxygen ("treatment group", n = 33) or slightly pressurized room air at 1.03 atm and 21% oxygen ("control group", n = 29). Outcome measures included Clinical Global Impression (CGI) scale, Aberrant Behavior Checklist (ABC), and Autism Treatment Evaluation Checklist (ATEC).
resultsAfter 40 sessions, mean physician CGI scores significantly improved in the treatment group compared to controls in overall functioning (p = 0.0008), receptive language (p < 0.0001), social interaction (p = 0.0473), and eye contact (p = 0.0102); 9/30 children (30%) in the treatment group were rated as "very much improved" or "much improved" compared to 2/26 (8%) of controls (p = 0.0471); 24/30 (80%) in the treatment group improved compared to 10/26 (38%) of controls (p = 0.0024). Mean parental CGI scores significantly improved in the treatment group compared to controls in overall functioning (p = 0.0336), receptive language (p = 0.0168), and eye contact (p = 0.0322). On the ABC, significant improvements were observed in the treatment group in total score, irritability, stereotypy, hyperactivity, and speech (p < 0.03 for each), but not in the control group. In the treatment group compared to the control group, mean changes on the ABC total score and subscales were similar except a greater number of children improved in irritability (p = 0.0311). On the ATEC, sensory/cognitive awareness significantly improved (p = 0.0367) in the treatment group compared to the control group. Post-hoc analysis indicated that children over age 5 and children with lower initial autism severity had the most robust improvements. Hyperbaric treatment was safe and well-tolerated.
conclusionChildren with autism who received hyperbaric treatment at 1.3 atm and 24% oxygen for 40 hourly sessions had significant improvements in overall functioning, receptive language, social interaction, eye contact, and sensory/cognitive awareness compared to children who received slightly pressurized room air.
trial registrationclinicaltrials.gov NCT00335790.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.