ArticleAIDS (London, England)2009
Morphologic and metabolic abnormalities in vertically HIV-infected children and youth.
Article in AIDS (London, England), 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 59 papers.
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Who cites it
59 citing papers in PubMed, 104 citations in OpenAlex.
- Substituting Abacavir for Stavudine in Children Who Are Virally Suppressed Without Lipodystrophy: Randomized Clinical Trial in Johannesburg, South Africa.Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society · 2018Trial
- Safety and Efficacy of Atorvastatin in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-infected Children, Adolescents and Young Adults With Hyperlipidemia.The Pediatric infectious disease journal · 2017Trial
- Nevirapine- Versus Lopinavir/Ritonavir-Based Antiretroviral Therapy in HIV-Infected Infants and Young Children: Long-term Follow-up of the IMPAACT P1060 Randomized Trial.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2016Trial
- Long-term body composition and metabolic changes in HIV-infected children switched from stavudine to tenofovir and from protease inhibitors to efavirenz.European journal of pediatrics · 2013Trial
- Metabolic abnormalities and body composition of HIV-infected children on Lopinavir or Nevirapine-based antiretroviral therapy.Archives of disease in childhood · 2013Trial
- Lipid profiles in young HIV-infected children initiating and changing antiretroviral therapy.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2012Trial
- Switching children previously exposed to nevirapine to nevirapine-based treatment after initial suppression with a protease-inhibitor-based regimen: long-term follow-up of a randomised, open-label trial.The Lancet. Infectious diseases · 2012Trial
- Nevirapine versus ritonavir-boosted lopinavir for HIV-infected children.The New England journal of medicine · 2012Trial
- High prevalence of lipid abnormalities among antiretroviral-naive HIV-infected Asian children with mild-to-moderate immunosuppression.Antiviral therapy · 2011Trial
- Antiretroviral treatment for children with peripartum nevirapine exposure.The New England journal of medicine · 2010Trial
- Scoping review protocol to map nutrition and food-related interventions targeting young people living with HIV/AIDS.BMJ open · 2025Article
- Health-Related Physical Fitness Evaluation in HIV-Diagnosed Children and Adolescents: A Scoping Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2024Article
- Re-evaluating the relationship between youth with HIV and BMI in an age of increasing rates of overweight and obese youth.BMC research notes · 2024Article
- Longitudinal changes in body fat and metabolic complications in young people with perinatally acquired HIV.HIV medicine · 2024Article
- Epigenetic regulation of pediatric and neonatal immune responses.Pediatric research · 2022Review
- Immune Markers and Their Association with Bone Density in Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults with Perinatally Acquired HIV.AIDS research and human retroviruses · 2021Article
- Metabolic syndrome, biochemical markers, and body composition in youth living with perinatal HIV infection on antiretroviral treatment.PloS one · 2020Article
- Distinct epigenetic profiles in children with perinatally-acquired HIV on antiretroviral therapy.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- A Comparison of Metabolic Outcomes Between Obese HIV-Exposed Uninfected Youth From the PHACS SMARTT Study and HIV-Unexposed Youth From the NHANES Study in the United States.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2019Article
- Metabolic effects of initiating lopinavir/ritonavir-based regimens among young children.AIDS (London, England) · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 8 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo compare the distribution of lipid and glucose abnormalities and altered fat distribution among vertically HIV-infected patients and controls.
designCross-sectional multicenter study on HIV-infected (HIV-positive) patients, 7-24 years of age, stratified by Tanner stage and protease inhibitor use (protease inhibitor, n = 161 and non- protease inhibitor, n = 79) and seronegative controls (HIV-negative, n = 146).
methodsMeasurements included fasting lipids, glucose, insulin, 2-h oral glucose tolerance test, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, anthropometry, and antiretroviral therapy and medical histories. Multiple linear regression models were used to compare distributions between HIV-positive and HIV-negative groups.
resultsBoth HIV-positive groups had long exposures to antiretroviral therapy. Protease inhibitor and nonprotease inhibitor groups had similar current CD4 cell count and HIV-1 RNA, but the protease inhibitor group had lower nadir CD4 cell count, higher peak HIV-1 RNA, and more advanced Centers for Disease Control disease stage. In adjusted analyses, both HIV-positive groups had significantly lower mean Z scores for height, weight, BMI, and total and limb fat than the HIV-negative group. Mean triglycerides were significantly higher and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol lower in both HIV-positive groups relative to the HIV-negative group. The protease inhibitor group also had significantly higher mean total, low-density lipoprotein, and non-high density lipoprotein cholesterol. Mean fasting insulin was higher in both HIV-positive groups, and 2-h glucose and insulin were higher in the protease inhibitor group. Ritonavir was associated with increasing dyslipidemia and altered glucose metabolism.
conclusionIn a large group of vertically HIV-infected children and youth with extensive antiretroviral therapy exposure, height, weight, and total and limb fat were lower than in controls. There was a high prevalence of lipid abnormalities among those on protease inhibitors and evidence of developing insulin resistance, factors that may accelerate lifetime risk for cardiovascular disease.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.