Trial reportPloS one2009
Clinical diagnostic utility of IP-10 and LAM antigen levels for the diagnosis of tuberculous pleural effusions in a high burden setting.
Trial report in PloS one, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
43 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 84 citations in OpenAlex.
- Lateral flow urine lipoarabinomannan assay for detecting active tuberculosis in HIV-positive adults.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2016Pooled it
- A systematic review of the epidemiology, immunopathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of pleural TB in HIV-infected patients.Clinical & developmental immunology · 2012Pooled it
- Systematic review and meta-analysis of antigen detection tests for the diagnosis of tuberculosis.Clinical and vaccine immunology : CVI · 2011Pooled it
- Application of Venn's diagram in the diagnosis of pleural tuberculosis using IFN-γ, IP-10 and adenosine deaminase.PloS one · 2018Trial
- The diagnostic accuracy of urine-based Xpert MTB/RIF in HIV-infected hospitalized patients who are smear-negative or sputum scarce.PloS one · 2012Trial
- Trial
- IFN-γ and IL-6 as Key Predicting Biomarkers for Active TB Among PLWH: Results from Four Machine Learning Methods.International journal of general medicine · 2026Article
- Development and assessment of a novel magnetic nanoparticle antibody-conjugate and aptamer-based assay (MNp-Ab-Ap assay) for the rapid diagnosis of pleural tuberculosis.Nanotheranostics · 2025Article
- Diagnostic Performance of Unstimulated IFN-γ (IRISA-TB) for Pleural Tuberculosis: A Prospective Study in South Africa and India.Open forum infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Utility of Cerebrospinal Fluid Unstimulated Interferon-Gamma (IRISA-TB) as a Same-Day Test for Tuberculous Meningitis in a Tuberculosis-Endemic, Resource-Poor Setting.Open forum infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Diagnostic accuracy of Lipoarabinomannan detection by lateral flow assay in pleural tuberculosis.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Article
- Diagnosing pleural effusions using mass spectrometry-based multiplexed targeted proteomics quantitating mid- to high-abundance markers of cancer, infection/inflammation and tuberculosis.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- The diagnostic utility of pleural markers for tuberculosis pleural effusion.Annals of translational medicine · 2020Review
- Lateral flow urine lipoarabinomannan assay for detecting active tuberculosis in people living with HIV.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2019Review
- Biomarkers for tuberculosis: the case for lipoarabinomannan.ERJ open research · 2019Review
- "Tuberculosis in advanced HIV infection is associated with increased expression of IFNγ and its downstream targets".BMC infectious diseases · 2018Article
- Immuno-diagnosis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in sputum, and reduction of timelines for its positive cultures to within 3 h by pathogen-specific thymidylate kinase expression assays.BMC research notes · 2017Article
- Sero-diagnosis of ActiveMycobacterial diseases : tuberculosis & leprosy · 2017Article
- The diagnostic accuracy of pericardial and urinary lipoarabinomannan (LAM) assays in patients with suspected tuberculous pericarditis.Scientific reports · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
14 authors at 5 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundCurrent tools for the diagnosis of tuberculosis pleural effusions are sub-optimal. Data about the value of new diagnostic technologies are limited, particularly, in high burden settings. Preliminary case control studies have identified IFN-gamma-inducible-10 kDa protein (IP-10) as a promising diagnostic marker; however, its diagnostic utility in a day-to-day clinical setting is unclear. Detection of LAM antigen has not previously been evaluated in pleural fluid.
methodsWe investigated the comparative diagnostic utility of established (adenosine deaminase [ADA]), more recent (standardized nucleic-acid-amplification-test [NAAT]) and newer technologies (a standardized LAM mycobacterial antigen-detection assay and IP-10 levels) for the evaluation of pleural effusions in 78 consecutively recruited South African tuberculosis suspects. All consenting participants underwent pleural biopsy unless contra-indicated or refused. The reference standard comprised culture positivity for M. tuberculosis or histology suggestive of tuberculosis. PRINCIPAL
findingsOf 74 evaluable subjects 48, 7 and 19 had definite, probable and non-TB, respectively. IP-10 levels were significantly higher in TB vs non-TB participants (p<0.0001). The respective outcomes [sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV %] for the different diagnostic modalities were: ADA at the 30 IU/L cut-point [96; 69; 90; 85], NAAT [6; 93; 67; 28], IP-10 at the 28,170 pg/ml ROC-derived cut-point [80; 82; 91; 64], and IP-10 at the 4035 pg/ml cut-point [100; 53; 83; 100]. Thus IP-10, using the ROC-derived cut-point, missed approximately 20% of TB cases and mis-diagnosed approximately 20% of non-TB cases. By contrast, when a lower cut-point was used a negative test excluded TB. The NAAT had a poor sensitivity but high specificity. LAM antigen-detection was not diagnostically useful.
conclusionAlthough IP-10, like ADA, has sub-optimal specificity, it may be a clinically useful rule-out test for tuberculous pleural effusions. Larger multi-centric studies are now required to confirm our findings.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.