Trial reportJournal of the National Cancer Institute2009
Folic acid and risk of prostate cancer: results from a randomized clinical trial.
Trial report in Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 124 papers, 9 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
124 citing papers in PubMed, 9 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 328 citations in OpenAlex.
- Unmetabolized Folic Acid: Biology, Epidemiology, and Clinical Consequences: A Systematic Review.Nutrients · 2026Pooled it
- Dietary Intake of Homocysteine Metabolism-Related B-Vitamins and the Risk of Stroke: A Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Prospective Studies.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2020Pooled it
- Evaluation of an Association of Blood Homocysteine Levels With Gastric Cancer Risk From 27 Case-Control Studies.Medicine · 2016Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Folate intake and the risk of prostate cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Prostate cancer and prostatic diseases · 2014Pooled it
- MTHFR C677T polymorphism contributes to the risk for gastric cancer.Tumour biology : the journal of the International Society for Oncodevelopmental Biology and Medicine · 2014Pooled it
- Effects of folic acid supplementation on overall and site-specific cancer incidence during the randomised trials: meta-analyses of data on 50,000 individuals.Lancet (London, England) · 2013Pooled it
- Homocysteine and vascular disease: review of published results of the homocysteine-lowering trials.Journal of inherited metabolic disease · 2011Pooled it
- Circulating folate, vitamin B12, homocysteine, vitamin B12 transport proteins, and risk of prostate cancer: a case-control study, systematic review, and meta-analysis.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2010Pooled it
- Differential Biopsy Patterns Influence Associations between Multivitamin Use and Prostate Cancer Risk in the Selenium and Vitamin E Cancer Prevention Trial.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2022Trial
- Feasibility of dietary folic acid reduction intervention for men on active surveillance for prostate cancer.Clinical nutrition ESPEN · 2021Trial
- Trial
- Folic acid supplementation and risk of colorectal neoplasia during long-term follow-up of a randomized clinical trial.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2019Trial
- Folic acid handling by the human gut: implications for food fortification and supplementation.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2014Trial
- A double-blind, placebo-controlled randomised trial evaluating the effect of a polyphenol-rich whole food supplement on PSA progression in men with prostate cancer--the U.K. NCRN Pomi-T study.Prostate cancer and prostatic diseases · 2014Trial
- A novel measure of dietary change in a prostate cancer dietary program incorporating mindfulness training.Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics · 2012Trial
- Evaluating Differential Metabolic Profiles by Prostate Cancer Risk Among Prostate Cancer Patients.Metabolites · 2025Article
- Next-generation sequencing-based analysis of prostate tissue microbiome in prostate cancer patients: a hospital-based study.Molecular biology reports · 2025Article
- Microbiome in prostate cancer: pathogenic mechanisms, multi-omics diagnostics, and synergistic therapies.Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology · 2025Review
- Biological, dietetic and pharmacological properties of vitamin BNPJ science of food · 2025Review
64 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
9 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Data regarding the association between folate status and risk of prostate cancer are sparse and conflicting. We studied prostate cancer occurrence in the Aspirin/Folate Polyp Prevention Study, a placebo-controlled randomized trial of aspirin and folic acid supplementation for the chemoprevention of colorectal adenomas conducted between July 6, 1994, and December 31, 2006. Participants were followed for up to 10.8 (median = 7.0, interquartile range = 6.0-7.8) years and asked periodically to report all illnesses and hospitalizations. Aspirin alone had no statistically significant effect on prostate cancer incidence, but there were marked differences according to folic acid treatment. Among the 643 men who were randomly assigned to placebo or supplementation with folic acid, the estimated probability of being diagnosed with prostate cancer over a 10-year period was 9.7% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 6.5% to 14.5%) in the folic acid group and 3.3% (95% CI = 1.7% to 6.4%) in the placebo group (age-adjusted hazard ratio = 2.63, 95% CI = 1.23 to 5.65, Wald test P = .01). In contrast, baseline dietary folate intake and plasma folate in nonmultivitamin users were inversely associated with risk of prostate cancer, although these associations did not attain statistical significance in adjusted analyses. These findings highlight the potential complex role of folate in prostate cancer and the possibly different effects of folic acid-containing supplements vs natural sources of folate.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.