ArticleThe Prostate2009
Soluble factors derived from stroma activated androgen receptor phosphorylation in human prostate LNCaP cells: roles of ERK/MAP kinase.
Article in The Prostate, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- Future Aspects of CDK5 in Prostate Cancer: From Pathogenesis to Therapeutic Implications.International journal of molecular sciences · 2019Review
- Exploiting vulnerabilities of cancer by targeting nuclear receptors of stromal cells in tumor microenvironment.Molecular cancer · 2019Review
- Role of Stromal Paracrine Signals in Proliferative Diseases of the Aging Human Prostate.Journal of clinical medicine · 2018Review
- AR Signaling in Breast Cancer.Cancers · 2017Review
- Review
- αvβ6 Integrin Promotes Castrate-Resistant Prostate Cancer through JNK1-Mediated Activation of Androgen Receptor.Cancer research · 2016Article
- Fibroblasts prolong serum prostate-specific antigen decline after androgen deprivation therapy in prostate cancer.Laboratory investigation; a journal of technical methods and pathology · 2016Article
- Stromal androgen receptor regulates the composition of the microenvironment to influence prostate cancer outcome.Oncotarget · 2015Article
- A naturally derived small molecule disrupts ligand-dependent and ligand-independent androgen receptor signaling in human prostate cancer cells.Molecular cancer therapeutics · 2014Article
- Proline-Directed Androgen Receptor Phosphorylation.Journal of molecular and genetic medicine : an international journal of biomedical research · 2013Article
- Androgen receptor phosphorylation at serine 308 and serine 791 predicts enhanced survival in castrate resistant prostate cancer patients.International journal of molecular sciences · 2013Article
- Androgen receptor phosphorylation at serine 515 by Cdk1 predicts biochemical relapse in prostate cancer patients.British journal of cancer · 2013Article
- Mini-review: androgen receptor phosphorylation in prostate cancer.American journal of clinical and experimental urology · 2013Review
- Article
- Active sonic hedgehog signaling between androgen independent human prostate cancer cells and normal/benign but not cancer-associated prostate stromal cells.The Prostate · 2011Article
- Regulation of androgen receptor and prostate cancer growth by cyclin-dependent kinase 5.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2011Article
- Modulation of protein phosphatase 2A activity alters androgen-independent growth of prostate cancer cells: therapeutic implications.Molecular cancer therapeutics · 2011Article
- A feedback loop between androgen receptor and ERK signaling in estrogen receptor-negative breast cancer.Neoplasia (New York, N.Y.) · 2011Article
- Article
- Therapeutic targeting of the prostate cancer microenvironment.Nature reviews. Urology · 2010Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAccumulated evidence suggests stromal-epithelial interactions are critical to the progression of prostate cancer. In this study, we characterized AR phosphorylation in LNCaP cells co-cultured with the conditioned medium (CM) from human prostate stromal fibroblasts.
methodsCM harvested from prostate stromal fibroblasts was added to LNCaP cells, and both anchorage-dependent and -independent growth was determined. Status of AR phosphorylation at Ser-81 and Ser-213 was assessed by immunoblot analysis. ERK kinase activity was measured using MBP-2 protein as the substrate.
resultsThe growth of LNCaP cells on plastic dishes increased by 1.7-fold upon exposure to stromal CM or androgen, and their combination resulted in additive growth (2.4-fold). Anchorage-independent growth of LNCaP cells in soft agar, however, was induced synergistically at 80-fold by both stromal CM and androgen. Stromal CM or androgen alone induced LNCaP cell growth by 10- and 26-fold, respectively. We observed ERK kinase inhibitor, U0126, but not phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI-3K), LY294002, or protein kinase A (PKA) inhibitor, H-89, inhibited stromal CM or androgen-induced PSA promoter luciferase activities, and anchorage-independent growth of LNCaP cells. Our results demonstrated for the first time how stromal CM acts in synergy with androgen by activation of ERK kinase and AR phosphorylation at Ser-81 but not Ser-213, for AR-regulated PSA promoter and anchorage-independent growth of human prostate cancer cells.
conclusionsA stromal factor-activated ERK pathway mediated by AR phosphorylation at Ser-81 could be responsible for stimulating the growth of human prostate cancer cells.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.