ReviewFrontiers in bioscience (Landmark edition)2009
The evolution of vertebrate opioid receptors.
Review in Frontiers in bioscience (Landmark edition), 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 85 citations in OpenAlex.
- Exploring the Pain-Relieving Potential: Unveiling Antinociceptive Properties in Animal Venoms and Toxins.Toxins · 2026Review
- Morphine-inducedFrontiers in neuroscience · 2026Article
- Persistent Transcriptome Alterations in Zebrafish Embryos After Discontinued Opioid Exposure.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Molecular and Epigenetic Aspects of Opioid Receptors in Drug Addiction and Pain Management in Sport.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- The life and times of endogenous opioid peptides: Updated understanding of synthesis, spatiotemporal dynamics, and the clinical impact in alcohol use disorder.Neuropharmacology · 2023Review
- A Critical Review on the Pharmacodynamics and Pharmacokinetics of Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs and Opioid Drugs Used in Reptiles.Veterinary and animal science · 2022Article
- Functional expression of opioid receptors and other human GPCRs in yeast engineered to produce human sterols.Nature communications · 2022Article
- Pain and Pain Management in Sea Turtle and Herpetological Medicine: State of the Art.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2022Review
- The Use of Zebrafish as a Non-traditional Model Organism in Translational Pain Research: The Knowns and the Unknowns.Current neuropharmacology · 2022Article
- Embryonic exposure to fentanyl induces behavioral changes and neurotoxicity in zebrafish larvae.PeerJ · 2022Article
- Genetic and functional analysis of a Pacific hagfish opioid system.Journal of neuroscience research · 2022Article
- Drugs of Abuse and Their Impact on Viral Pathogenesis.Viruses · 2021Review
- Alternative Pre-mRNA Splicing of the Mu Opioid Receptor Gene,Biomolecules · 2021Review
- Alternative Splicing of Opioid Receptor Genes Shows a Conserved Pattern for 6TM Receptor Variants.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2021Article
- The mixed kappa and delta opioid receptor agonist, MP1104, attenuates chemotherapy-induced neuropathic pain.Neuropharmacology · 2021Article
- Mapping of Morphine-InducedFrontiers in neuroanatomy · 2020Article
- Evolution through segmental duplications and losses: a Super-Reconciliation approach.Algorithms for molecular biology : AMB · 2020Article
- Synthetic Opioid Use and Common Injection-associated Viruses: Expanding the Translational Research Agenda.Current HIV research · 2019Review
- Pharmacologic Evidence for a Putative Conserved Allosteric Site on Opioid Receptors.Molecular pharmacology · 2018Article
- Generation and Characterization of Antibodies against Opioid Receptors from Zebrafish.International journal of molecular sciences · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The proteins that mediate the analgesic and other effects of opioid drugs and endogenous opioid peptides are known as opioid receptors. Opioid receptors consist of a family of four closely-related proteins belonging to the large superfamily of G-protein coupled receptors. The three types of opioid receptors shown unequivocally to mediate analgesia in animal models are the mu (MOR), delta (DOR), and kappa (KOR) opioid receptor proteins. The role of the fourth member of the opioid receptor family, the nociceptin or orphanin FQ receptor (ORL), is not as clear as hyperalgesia, analgesia, and no effect was reported after administration of ORL agonists. There are now cDNA sequences for all four types of opioid receptors that are expressed in the brain of six species from three different classes of vertebrates. This review presents a comparative analysis of vertebrate opioid receptors using bioinformatics and data from recent human genome studies. Results indicate that opioid receptors arose by gene duplication, that there is a vector of opioid receptor divergence, and that MOR shows evidence of rapid evolution.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.