Trial reportBrain, behavior, and immunity2009
Dispositional optimism and stress-induced changes in immunity and negative mood.
Trial report in Brain, behavior, and immunity, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 52 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
52 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 161 citations in OpenAlex.
- Peripheral Inflammatory Markers in Subtypes and Core Features of Depression: A Systematized Review.Psychopathology · 2023Pooled it
- Positive psychological characteristics in diabetes: a review.Current diabetes reports · 2013Pooled it
- Dispositional optimism and open-label placebo responses in hair cortisol concentrations and psychological distress-A randomized controlled trial.Applied psychology. Health and well-being · 2026Trial
- Optimistic people are all alike: Shared neural representations supporting episodic future thinking among optimistic individuals.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Quality of Life in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Diseases Is Associated with Affective Temperament Traits: A Cross-Sectional Survey of a Polish Clinical Sample.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- An Active Inference Model of the Optimism Bias.Computational psychiatry (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2025Article
- Changes in depressive symptoms and antibody production following influenza vaccination in adolescents and adults.Vaccine · 2024Article
- Examining Reactivity and Recovery Patterns of Pain-Evoked Cortisol and Alpha-Amylase Trajectories: Relations Between Psychological Markers of Risk and Resilience.The journal of pain · 2024Article
- Optimism as a key factor in coping with the common cold.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2024Article
- The associations between COVID-19 vaccination and psychological disorders among healthcare workers in China.Journal of affective disorders · 2022Article
- SARS-CoV-2 vaccines: Clinical endpoints and psychological perspectives: A literature review.Journal of infection and public health · 2022Review
- Optimism as a protective factor against the psychological impact of COVID-19 pandemic through its effects on perceived stress and infection stress anticipation.Current psychology (New Brunswick, N.J.) · 2022Article
- Emotional mental imagery generation during spontaneous future thinking: relationship with optimism and negative mood.Psychological research · 2022Article
- Relationship between resilience, optimism, and burnout in Pan-American athletes.Frontiers in psychology · 2022Article
- The influence of grit on nurse job satisfaction: Mediating effects of perceived stress and moderating effects of optimism.Frontiers in psychology · 2022Article
- Inflammation and Cognition in Depression: A Narrative Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Review
- Psychological and Behavioral Predictors of Vaccine Efficacy: Considerations for COVID-19.Perspectives on psychological science : a journal of the Association for Psychological Science · 2021Review
- Mood, Burnout, and Dispositional Optimism in Kayak Polo Players During Their Competitive Stage.Frontiers in psychology · 2021Article
- A multimethod approach examining the relative contributions of optimism and pessimism to cardiovascular disease risk markers.Journal of behavioral medicine · 2020Article
- Neurostructural correlates of optimism: Gray matter density in the putamen predicts dispositional optimism in late adolescence.Human brain mapping · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Evidence suggests that optimism may be protective for health during times of heightened stress, yet the mechanisms involved remain unclear. In a double-blind placebo-controlled study, we recently showed that acute psychological stress and an immune stimulus (Typhim-Vi typhoid vaccine) synergistically increased serum levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and negative mood in 59 healthy men. Here we carried out further analysis of this sample to investigate the relationship between dispositional optimism and stress-induced changes in immunity and mood. Volunteers were randomly assigned to one of four experimental conditions in which they received either typhoid vaccine or saline placebo, and then rested or completed two mental tasks. In the stress condition, optimism was inversely related to IL-6 responses, independent of age, BMI, trait CES-D depression and baseline IL-6. This relationship was present across both stress groups (combining vaccine and placebo) and was not present in the vaccine/stress group alone, suggesting that optimism protects against the inflammatory effects of stress rather than vaccine per se. Typhoid vaccine induced a significant increase in participants' circulating anti-Vi antibody levels. Stress had no effect on antibody responses overall. However, in the vaccine/stress group, there was a strong positive association between optimism and antibody responses, indicating that stress accentuated the antibody response to vaccine in optimists. Across the complete sample, more optimistic individuals had smaller increases in negative mood and less reduction in mental vigour. Together these findings suggest that optimism may promote health, by counteracting stress-induced increases in inflammation and boosting the adjuvant effects of acute stress.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.