ReviewClinical pharmacokinetics2009
Therapeutic drug monitoring of aminoglycosides in neonates.
Review in Clinical pharmacokinetics, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 42 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
42 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 107 citations in OpenAlex.
- One dose per day compared to multiple doses per day of gentamicin for treatment of suspected or proven sepsis in neonates.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2016Pooled it
- One Model to Dose Them All: A Population Pharmacokinetic Model for Multiple Aminoglycosides Across the Human Lifespan.Journal of clinical pharmacology · 2026Article
- Pharmacokinetic analysis of conventional tobramycin dosing for infants in the cardiac intensive care unit.Pediatric research · 2026Article
- Impact of Postnatal Changes in Creatinine Levels on Plasma Gentamicin Concentrations in Neonates.Pharmaceutical research · 2026Observational
- Advances in Pediatric Therapeutic Drug Monitoring.Pediatrics · 2026Review
- Amikacin dosing in neonates: evaluation of target attainment using a simplified and complex pharmacokinetic model-derived dosing regimen in clinical practice.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2025Article
- A Quantitative Examination and Comparison of the Ability of Australian Gentamicin Dosing Guidelines to Achieve Target Therapeutic Concentrations in Neonates.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Evaluation of Dosing Guidelines for Gentamicin in Neonates and Children.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Targeting Lower Serum Trough Concentrations: A New Gentamicin Dosing Strategy for Suspected Neonatal Early-Onset Sepsis.The journal of pediatric pharmacology and therapeutics : JPPT : the official journal of PPAG · 2023Article
- Evaluating and Improving Neonatal Gentamicin Pharmacokinetic Models Using Aggregated Routine Clinical Care Data.Pharmaceutics · 2022Article
- Development of the Swiss Database for dosing medicinal products in pediatrics.European journal of pediatrics · 2022Article
- SwissPKCPT: pharmacometrics & systems pharmacology · 2021Article
- Gentamicin Population Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients-A Prospective Study with Data Analysis Using the saemix Package in R.Pharmaceutics · 2021Article
- Gentamicin Dosing in Neonates with Normal Renal Function: Trough and Peak Levels.European journal of drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics · 2021Article
- Simplified Dosing Regimens for Gentamicin in Neonatal Sepsis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2021Article
- A Proof of Concept of the Role of TDM-Based Clinical Pharmacological Advices in Optimizing Antimicrobial Therapy on Real-Time in Different Paediatric Settings.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2021Article
- External Validation of Model-Based Dosing Guidelines for Vancomycin, Gentamicin, and Tobramycin in Critically Ill Neonates and Children: A Pragmatic Two-Center Study.Paediatric drugs · 2020Article
- Simulated Comparison of a Bayesian Clinical Decision Support System Versus Standard of Care For Achieving Gentamicin Pharmacokinetic Targets in Neonates.The Pediatric infectious disease journal · 2020Observational
- An Ototoxicity Grading System Within a Mobile App (OtoCalc) for a Resource-Limited Setting to Guide Grading and Management of Drug-Induced Hearing Loss in Patients With Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis: Prospective, Cross-Sectional Case Series.JMIR mHealth and uHealth · 2020Article
- The evaluation of the appropriate gentamicin use for preterm infants.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The efficacy and toxicity of aminoglycosides show a strong direct positive relationship with blood drug concentrations, therefore, therapy with aminoglycosides in adults is usually guided by therapeutic drug monitoring. Dosing regimens in adults have evolved from multiple daily dosing to extended-interval dosing. This evolution has also taken place in neonates. Neonates, however, display large interindividual differences in the pharmacokinetics of aminoglycosides due to developmental differences early in life. The volume of distribution of aminoglycosides shows a strong relationship with bodyweight, which tends to be larger (corrected for bodyweight) in more premature infants and those with sepsis. Renal clearance of aminoglycosides increases with gestational age and accelerates immediately after birth. Because of these developmental influences, there is great inter- and intraindividual variability in the volume of distribution and clearance of these drugs, and investigators have established aminoglycoside dosing regimens based on bodyweight and/or gestational age. Widely practised dosing regimens comprise 4-5 mg/kg bodyweight of gentamicin every 24-48 hours as a first dose, followed by dose adjustment based on therapeutic drug monitoring. Although formal toxicity studies are scarce, there is no evidence that aminoglycoside toxicity in neonates differs from that in adults. Monitoring of blood drug concentrations and intelligent reconstruction of individual pharmacokinetic behaviour using a population pharmacokinetic model, optimally chosen blood sampling times and appropriate pharmacokinetic software, help clinicians to quickly optimize aminoglycoside dosing regimens to maximize the clinical effect and minimize the toxicity of these drugs.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.