Trial reportThe Journal of infectious diseases2009
Plasma levels of bacterial DNA correlate with immune activation and the magnitude of immune restoration in persons with antiretroviral-treated HIV infection.
Trial report in The Journal of infectious diseases, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. It is linked to trial NCT00988780 (CCR5 Antagonism to Decrease the Incidence of the Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome in HIV-Infected Patients), which is not on this map. Cited by 371 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
CCR5 Antagonism to Decrease the Incidence of the Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome in HIV-Infected Patients
Who cites it
371 citing papers in PubMed, 591 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trial
- Bifidobacterium breve BBG-001 and intestinal barrier function in preterm babies: Exploratory Studies from the PiPS Trial.Pediatric research · 2021Trial
- Laboratory surrogate markers of residual HIV replication among distinct groups of individuals under antiretroviral therapy.PloS one · 2019Trial
- Trial
- Trial
- Trial
- Differential Reduction in Monocyte Activation and Vascular Inflammation With Integrase Inhibitor-Based Initial Antiretroviral Therapy Among HIV-Infected Individuals.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2015Trial
- Increased inflammation but similar physical composition and function in older-aged, HIV-1 infected subjects.BMC immunology · 2015Trial
- Rifaximin has a marginal impact on microbial translocation, T-cell activation and inflammation in HIV-positive immune non-responders to antiretroviral therapy - ACTG A5286.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2015Trial
- Microbial product translocation and mortality in adults hospitalised with HIV-associated tuberculosis: a prospective observational cohort study.Research square · 2026Article
- Immune non-response despite effective antiretroviral therapy in people living with HIV: A review of potential mechanisms, biomarkers and therapeutic approaches.HIV medicine · 2026Review
- ProbioticBrain sciences · 2026Article
- Dynamics of natural and pharmacologic control of an SIV variant with an envelope trafficking defect.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2026Article
- Altered distribution of tissue galectins correlates with mucosal dysregulation in SIV infection.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2026Article
- Ongoing lymphoid HIV production drives pyroptosis and GLP-1 counter-regulation in ART-suppressed infection.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Effect of antiretroviral therapy on gut microbiota, immune activation, and inflammatory markers in newly diagnosed HIV patients.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- Faecal pharmacokinetics, microbiome, and bile acid changes in healthy subjects given intravenous followed by oral omadacycline; a Phase 1 clinical trial.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2025Article
- Blood microbiome signatures in systemic diseases: current insights, methodological pitfalls, and future horizons.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Review
- Persistent inflammatory activation in people living with HIV. Involvement in atherosclerosis.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Tumour necrosis factor-α induces macromolecule translocation in HIV-derived duodenal organoids.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
311 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
13 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The significance of elevated plasma levels of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in persons with chronic HIV infection remains undefined. We measured LPS levels by use of limulus lysate assay, and DNA sequences encoding bacterial ribosomal 16S RNA (16S rDNA) were assessed by quantitative polymerase chain reactions in plasma samples obtained from 242 donors. Plasma levels of 16S rDNA were significantly higher in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected subjects than in uninfected subjects, and they correlated with LPS levels. Higher levels of 16S rDNA were associated with higher levels of T cell activation and with lower levels of CD4 T cell restoration during antiretroviral therapy. Antiretroviral therapy reduces but does not fully normalize plasma levels of bacterial 16S rDNA, an index of microbial translocation from the gastrointestinal tract. High levels of 16S rDNA during therapy are strongly associated with reduced increases in the CD4(+) T lymphocyte count, irrespective of plasma HIV RNA levels. These findings are consistent with the importance of microbial translocation in immunodeficiency and T cell homeostasis in chronic HIV infection.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.