ArticleJournal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)2009
Virulent Toxoplasma gondii evade immunity-related GTPase-mediated parasite vacuole disruption within primed macrophages.
Article in Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 98 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
98 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 145 citations in OpenAlex.
- Interplay of autophagy and Th1/Th2-mediated macrophage polarization in host-pathogen dynamics.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Pooled it
- The cat's out of the bag: Toxoplasma gondii provides further insight into myeloid-mediated host defense.ImmunoHorizons · 2025Review
- To kill a tachyzoite: assault and battery.Trends in parasitology · 2024Article
- Effective factors in the pathogenesis ofHeliyon · 2024Review
- The role of IFN-γ-mediated host immune responses in monitoring and the elimination of Toxoplasma gondii infection.International immunology · 2024Review
- iNOS is necessary for GBP-mediated T. gondii clearance in murine macrophages via vacuole nitration and intravacuolar network collapse.Nature communications · 2024Article
- IFNs in host defence and parasite immune evasion duringFrontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Genetic diversity of Toxoplasma gondii in South America: occurrence, immunity, and fate of infection.Parasites & vectors · 2023Review
- The Complexity of Interferon Signaling in Host Defense against Protozoan Parasite Infection.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Nitric oxide in parasitic infections: a friend or foe?Journal of parasitic diseases : official organ of the Indian Society for Parasitology · 2022Review
- Modulation of autophagy as a therapeutic strategy forFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Review
- Impact of IFN-y and CD40 signalling on Toxoplasma gondii cyst formation in differentiated Neuro-2a neuroblastoma cells.Parasite immunology · 2022Article
- The pathogenicity and virulence ofVirulence · 2021Article
- Cell-autonomousLife science alliance · 2021Article
- Interferon-induced GTPases orchestrate host cell-autonomous defence against bacterial pathogens.Biochemical Society transactions · 2021Review
- Article
- Inhibition of nitric oxide production of activated mice peritoneal macrophages is independent of the Toxoplasma gondii strain.Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz · 2021Article
- Strain-specific disruption of interferon-stimulated N-myc and STAT interactor (NMI) function byParasitology · 2020Article
- Genome-wide screens identify Toxoplasma gondii determinants of parasite fitness in IFNγ-activated murine macrophages.Nature communications · 2020Article
- ISG15 Connects Autophagy and IFN-γ-Dependent Control of Toxoplasma gondii Infection in Human Cells.mBio · 2020Article
38 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Cytokine-activated macrophages restrain the replication of intracellular parasites and disrupt the integrity of vacuolar pathogens. In this study, we show that inducible nitric oxide synthase and the immunity-related GTPase (IRG) family member Irgm3, respectively, are required for the ability of in vivo primed macrophages to restrain the growth of Toxoplasma gondii and to destroy the parasite's intracellular niche. Remarkably, virulent Type I strains of T. gondii evade IRG-dependent vacuolar disruption, while remaining susceptible to iNOS-dependent restriction. The ability of virulent T. gondii to escape killing by macrophages is controlled at the level of the individual vacuole and is associated with differential permissiveness for association of the IRG proteins Irga6 (IIGP1) and Irgb6 (TGTP) to the vacuolar membrane. Surprisingly, expression of the Type I ROP-18 virulence determinant in an avirulent strain did not confer the evasive phenotype. These results pinpoint evasion of vacuolar disruption by IRG proteins as a new determinant of pathogen virulence.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.