ArticleJournal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)2009
Local production of IFN-gamma by invariant NKT cells modulates acute Lyme carditis.
Article in Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 67 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
67 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 108 citations in OpenAlex.
- Myocardial Immune Cells: The Basis of Cardiac Immunology.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2023Pooled it
- Innate immune deficiency of extremely premature neonates can be reversed by interferon-γ.PloS one · 2012Trial
- Antiphospholipid antibodies in acute and post-treatment Lyme disease.Infection and immunity · 2026Article
- Characterizing the impact of intracutaneous dissemination on host responses duringFrontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Aspects of the Immunopathogenesis of Lyme Arthritis.Microorganisms · 2025Review
- The surveillance of viral infections by the unconventional Type I NKT cell.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Review
- Single-cell RNA sequencing of murine ankle joints over time reveals distinct transcriptional changes followingiScience · 2023Article
- CD1 and iNKT cells mediate immune responses against the GBS hemolytic lipid toxin induced by a non-toxic analog.PLoS pathogens · 2023Article
- Identification of a PD-L1+Tim-1+ iNKT subset that protects against fine particulate matter-induced airway inflammation.JCI insight · 2022Article
- Role of NK-Like CD8Infection and immunity · 2022Article
- Antiphospholipid autoantibodies in Lyme disease arise after scavenging of host phospholipids by Borrelia burgdorferi.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2022Article
- Molecular Mechanisms ofBiology · 2021Review
- Type I Natural Killer T Cells as Key Regulators of the Immune Response to Infectious Diseases.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2021Review
- A murine model of Lyme disease demonstrates that Borrelia burgdorferi colonizes the dura mater and induces inflammation in the central nervous system.PLoS pathogens · 2021Article
- Immune Response toCurrent issues in molecular biology · 2021Article
- NKT Cells Contribute to the Control of Microbial Infections.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2021Review
- Borrelia burgdorferi infection induces long-term memory-like responses in macrophages with tissue-wide consequences in the heart.PLoS biology · 2021Article
- T Cell Immunity to Bacterial Pathogens: Mechanisms of Immune Control and Bacterial Evasion.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
- An Update on the Pathogenesis of Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus and Its Role in Clinical Practice.Current rheumatology reports · 2020Review
7 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The Lyme disease spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi is the only known human pathogen that directly activates invariant NKT (iNKT) cells. The number and activation kinetics of iNKT cells vary greatly among different strains of mice. We now report the role of the iNKT cell response in the pathogenesis of Lyme disease using C57BL/6 mice, a strain with optimal iNKT cell activation that is resistant to the development of spirochetal-induced inflammation. During experimental infection of B6 mice with B. burgdorferi, iNKT cells localize to the inflamed heart where they are activated by CD1d-expressing macrophages. Activation of iNKT cells in vivo results in the production of IFN-gamma, which we demonstrate ameliorates the severity of murine Lyme carditis by at least two mechanisms. First, IFN-gamma enhances the recognition of B. burgdorferi by macrophages, leading to increased phagocytosis of the spirochete. Second, IFN-gamma activation of macrophages increases the surface expression of CD1d, thereby facilitating further iNKT activation. Collectively, our data demonstrate that in the resistant background, B6, iNKT cells modulate the severity of murine Lyme carditis through the action of IFN-gamma, which appears to self-renew through a positive feedback loop during infection.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.