ArticleInvestigative ophthalmology & visual science2009
Maturation of the fetal human choriocapillaris.
Article in Investigative ophthalmology & visual science, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.
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Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 44 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Review
- Role of glucose metabolism in ocular angiogenesis (Review).Molecular medicine reports · 2022Review
- The Essential Role of the Choriocapillaris in Vision: Novel Insights from Imaging and Molecular Biology.Annual review of vision science · 2022Review
- 3D iPSC modeling of the retinal pigment epithelium-choriocapillaris complex identifies factors involved in the pathology of macular degeneration.Cell stem cell · 2021Article
- Thermo-Responsive PLGA-PEG-PLGA Hydrogels as Novel Injectable Platforms for Neuroprotective Combined Therapies in the Treatment of Retinal Degenerative Diseases.Pharmaceutics · 2021Article
- 3D engineering for optic neuropathy treatment.Drug discovery today · 2021Review
- Selective Requirements for Vascular Endothelial Cells and Circulating Factors in the Regulation of Retinal Neurogenesis.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2021Article
- Bruch's Membrane and the Choroid in Age-Related Macular Degeneration.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2021Article
- Stepwise differentiation and functional characterization of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived choroidal endothelial cells.Stem cell research & therapy · 2020Article
- Is age-related macular degeneration a local manifestation of systemic disorder? Changes in nailfold capillaries at age-related macular degeneration.Irish journal of medical science · 2020Article
- Visualization of Mouse Choroidal and Retinal Vasculature Using Fluorescent Tomato Lectin Perfusion.Translational vision science & technology · 2020Article
- Generation of an immortalized human choroid endothelial cell line (iChEC-1) using an endothelial cell specific promoter.Microvascular research · 2019Article
- Retinal Vasculature in Development and Diseases.Annual review of vision science · 2018Review
- RESIDUAL CHOROIDAL VESSELS IN ATROPHY CAN MASQUERADE AS CHOROIDAL NEOVASCULARIZATION ON OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY ANGIOGRAPHY: Introducing a Clinical and Software Approach.Retina (Philadelphia, Pa.) · 2018Article
- Development of the hyaloid, choroidal and retinal vasculatures in the fetal human eye.Progress in retinal and eye research · 2018Review
- Structural and molecular changes in the aging choroid: implications for age-related macular degeneration.Eye (London, England) · 2017Review
- Albumen Transport to Bruch's Membrane and RPE by Choriocapillaris Caveolae.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2016Article
- Generating iPSC-Derived Choroidal Endothelial Cells to Study Age-Related Macular Degeneration.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2015Article
- VEGF 165 b in the developing vasculatures of the fetal human eye.Developmental dynamics : an official publication of the American Association of Anatomists · 2012Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purposeThe purpose of this study was to examine the structural and functional maturation of the choriocapillaris (CC) and to determine when fenestrations form, the capillaries are invested with pericytes, and the endothelial cells (ECs) became functional.
methodsImmunohistochemistry was performed on cryopreserved sections of embryonic/fetal human eyes from 7 to 22 weeks' gestation (WG), using antibodies against PAL-E, PV-1 (fenestrations), carbonic anhydrase IV (CA IV), eNOS, and alpha-smooth muscle actin (alphaSMA) and NG2 (two pericyte markers) and the EC marker (CD31). Alkaline phosphatase (APase) enzymatic activity was demonstrated by enzyme histochemistry. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was performed on eyes at 11, 14, 16, and 22 WG. Adult human eyes were used as the positive control.
resultsAll EC markers were present in the CC by 7 WG. PAL-E, CA IV, and eNOS immunoreactivities and APase activity were present in the CC by 7 to 9 WG. TEM analysis demonstrated how structurally immature this vasculature was, even at 11 WG: no basement membrane, absence of pericytes, and poorly formed lumens that were filled with filopodia. The few fenestrations that were observed were often present within the luminal space in the filopodia. Contiguous fenestrations and significant PV-1 were not observed until 21 to 22 WG. alphaSMA was prominent at 22 WG, and the maturation of pericytes was confirmed by TEM.
conclusionsIt appears that ECs and their precursors express enzymes present in adult CC well before they are structurally mature. Although ECs make tight junctions early in development, contiguous fenestrations and mature pericytes occur much later in development.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.