ArticleNeuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology2009
Risk markers for depression in adolescents: sleep and HPA measures.
Article in Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 51 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
51 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 95 citations in OpenAlex.
- Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis functioning in offspring of parents with a major affective disorder: a meta-analytic review.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2025Pooled it
- Cortisol and development of depression in adolescence and young adulthood - a systematic review and meta-analysis.Psychoneuroendocrinology · 2022Pooled it
- A systematic review of the association between biological markers and environmental stress risk factors for adolescent depression.Journal of psychiatric research · 2021Pooled it
- Prospective biomarkers of major depressive disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Molecular psychiatry · 2020Pooled it
- Investigating a biopsychosocial model of depression in autistic youth: The intersection of cortisol and depressive symptoms.Psychoneuroendocrinology · 2026Article
- Relationship between circulating plasma endocannabinoids in adolescents and maternal depressive symptoms.Psychopharmacology · 2026Article
- The use ofFrontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Review
- Assessing REM Sleep as a Biomarker for Depression Using Consumer Wearables.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- EEG-vigilance regulation is associated with and predicts ketamine response in major depressive disorder.Translational psychiatry · 2024Article
- The mediating role of sleep disturbance in the relationship between depression and cardiovascular disease.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024Article
- Effect of Tai Chi on Young Adults with Subthreshold Depression via a Stress-Reward Complex: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Sports medicine - open · 2023Article
- The developmental trajectory of diurnal cortisol in autistic and neurotypical youth.Development and psychopathology · 2023Article
- The association between recreational physical activity and depression in the short sleep population: a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2023Article
- Depression, anxiety, insomnia and interleukins in the early postpartum period.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2023Article
- Rethinking the risk for depression using the RDoC: A psychophysiological perspective.Frontiers in psychology · 2023Review
- The Role of Delay Discounting in the Generation of Stressful Life Events Across Adolescence.Research on child and adolescent psychopathology · 2022Article
- In(s) and out(s) of adolescent depression - Trajectories of development and recovery.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2021Article
- The impact of social networks on sleep among a cohort of college students.SSM - population health · 2021Article
- The association between sleep quality, preoperative risk factors for chronic postoperative pain and postoperative pain intensity 12 months after knee and hip arthroplasty.British journal of pain · 2021Article
- Molecular Biomarkers for Pediatric Depressive Disorders: A Narrative Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Previous work has demonstrated reliable electroencephalographic (EEG) sleep and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) changes associated with adult major depressive disorder. These changes might be evident before clinical manifestation of the illness in at-risk persons. The aim of the study was to identify depression-related EEG sleep and HPA changes in healthy adolescents at high risk for depression, and to examine the relationship between EEG sleep (or HPA) changes and the onset of depression. Forty-eight adolescent volunteers with no personal history of a psychiatric illness, including depression, but who were at high risk for developing depression by virtue of parental depression (high-risk group), and 48 adolescent volunteers with no personal or family history of a psychiatric disorder (normal controls) were recruited. EEG sleep and HPA measures were collected on three consecutive evenings and nights at baseline. Clinical follow-up evaluations were conducted at regular intervals over a 5-year period. Compared with normal controls, adolescents at high risk for depression had shorter latency to rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, increased phasic REM sleep, more REM sleep and elevated nocturnal urinary-free cortisol (NUFC) excretion at baseline. Shorter REM latency, higher REM density and elevated NUFC (measured at baseline) were associated with the development of depression during follow-up. The findings that REM sleep abnormalities and elevated HPA activity occur before the onset of depression in at-risk adolescents suggest that these variables serve as vulnerability markers for the illness.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.