ArticleNature biotechnology2009
Highly efficient neural conversion of human ES and iPS cells by dual inhibition of SMAD signaling.
Article in Nature biotechnology, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. It is linked to trial NCT02980302 (Development of the Tool " iPSC "), which is not on this map. Cited by 2,097 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Development of the Tool " iPSC " (Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells) for the Functional Study of Mutations Responsible for Mental Retardation - Application to Familial Study of MYT1L Gene Mutations
Who cites it
2,097 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 3,639 citations in OpenAlex.
- What can we learn on ALS pathophysiology from iPSC-derived motor neurons harbouring TARBDP mutations: a systematic review.Translational neurodegeneration · 2026Pooled it
- Micropatterned neural induction with heat-inactivated extracellular matrix protein by on-demand high-speed laser.Regenerative therapy · 2026Article
- Direct neuronal reprogramming: emerging therapeutic strategies for neurodegenerative disorders.Annals of medicine · 2026Review
- Article
- A novel strategy to generate human iPSCs with enhanced mesodermal and endodermal differentiation capacity.Cell regeneration (London, England) · 2026Article
- Modeling human neurodegeneration with iPSCs: opportunities, limitations, and the challenge of aging.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2026Review
- PEX11β controls early neural progenitor fate through regulation of peroxisomal fission and lipid metabolism.Stem cell reports · 2026Article
- HOPX regulates the development and lineage progression of human stem cell-derived outer radial glia-like cells.Stem cell reports · 2026Article
- Therapeutic potential of astrocyte transdifferentiated neurons.Neural regeneration research · 2026Article
- Advancements in differentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells into specialized neuronal subtypes.Neural regeneration research · 2026Article
- Developmentally Guided Differentiation of Ventral Midbrain Dopaminergic Cells Validated in Proteopathy-Based Parkinson's Disease Models.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Two parallel neural ectoderm progenitors contribute to the developing brain.Nature neuroscience · 2026Article
- The YTHDF proteins modulate Alzheimer's disease-associated brain gene signatures.Molecular neurodegeneration · 2026Article
- Cholesterol dysregulation in APOE4 astrocytes promotes α-synuclein pathology in miBrains.Cell stem cell · 2026Article
- Morphogen-Directed, High-Throughput Development of hiPSC-Derived Telencephalic Organoids for Comparative In Vitro Phenotyping.Current protocols · 2026Article
- A clinically defined and xeno-free hydrogel system for regenerative medicine.Materials futures · 2026Article
- PLCG2 downregulation impairs synaptic function and increases Alzheimer's disease hallmarks in neuronal cultures.Nature genetics · 2026Article
- Rodent models and accompanying in vitro strategies for studying the etiology and therapy of Parkinson's disease.Journal of Parkinson's disease · 2026Review
- ASD mutations in the ciliary gene CEP41 impact development of projection neurons and interneurons in a human cortical organoid model.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- Vascularized Brain Organoids: Advances in Engineering Human Neurovascular Models.International journal of stem cells · 2026Review
2,037 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Current neural induction protocols for human embryonic stem (hES) cells rely on embryoid body formation, stromal feeder co-culture or selective survival conditions. Each strategy has considerable drawbacks, such as poorly defined culture conditions, protracted differentiation and low yield. Here we report that the synergistic action of two inhibitors of SMAD signaling, Noggin and SB431542, is sufficient to induce rapid and complete neural conversion of >80% of hES cells under adherent culture conditions. Temporal fate analysis reveals the appearance of a transient FGF5(+) epiblast-like stage followed by PAX6(+) neural cells competent to form rosettes. Initial cell density determines the ratio of central nervous system and neural crest progeny. Directed differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem (hiPS) cells into midbrain dopamine and spinal motoneurons confirms the robustness and general applicability of the induction protocol. Noggin/SB431542-based neural induction should facilitate the use of hES and hiPS cells in regenerative medicine and disease modeling and obviate the need for protocols based on stromal feeders or embryoid bodies.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.