ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2009
Antigen-specific B-1a antibodies induced by Francisella tularensis LPS provide long-term protection against F. tularensis LVS challenge.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 88 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
88 citing papers in PubMed, 108 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Immunological changes associated with the treatment of pneumonic tularaemia in marmosets.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- Activation of B1 B cells by F. tularensis atypical LPS depends on classical complement and C3a.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- The immune response toFrontiers in microbiology · 2025Review
- Noncanonical B Cells: Characteristics of Uncharacteristic B Cells.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2023Review
- B Cell Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Development in Mice with Chronic Lung Exposure to Coccidioides Fungal Arthroconidia.ImmunoHorizons · 2023Article
- B-1 cells in immunotoxicology: Mechanisms underlying their response to chemicals and particles.Frontiers in toxicology · 2023Review
- Alginate microencapsulation of an attenuated O-antigen mutant of Francisella tularensis LVS as a model for a vaccine delivery vehicle.PloS one · 2022Article
- Review
- Critical role of IL-25-ILC2-IL-5 axis in the production of anti-Francisella LPS IgM by B1 B cells.PLoS pathogens · 2021Article
- The Shaping of a B Cell Pool Maximally Responsive to Infections.Annual review of immunology · 2021Article
- CTLA-4 expression by B-1a B cells is essential for immune tolerance.Nature communications · 2021Article
- Early infection-induced natural antibody response.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Purification and Immune Phenotyping of B-1 Cells from Body Cavities of Mice.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2021Article
- Neonatal Exposure to Commensal-Bacteria-Derived Antigens Directs Polysaccharide-Specific B-1 B Cell Repertoire Development.Immunity · 2020Article
- 2019 Russell Ross Memorial Lecture in Vascular Biology: B Lymphocyte-Mediated Protective Immunity in Atherosclerosis.Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology · 2020Article
- Article
- CpG-DNA induces bacteria-reactive IgM enhancing phagocytic activity against Staphylococcus aureus infection.BMB reports · 2019Article
28 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Francisella tularensis (Ft), a gram-negative intracellular bacterium, is the etiologic agent of tularemia. Infection of mice with <10 Ft Live Vaccine Strain (Ft LVS) organisms i.p. causes a lethal infection that resembles human tularemia. Here, we show that immunization with as little as 0.1 ng Ft LVS lipopolysaccharide (Ft-LPS), but not Ft lipid A, generates a rapid antibody response that protects wild-type (WT) mice against lethal Ft LVS challenge. Protection is not induced in Ft-LPS-immunized B cell-deficient mice (muMT or JhD), male xid mice, or Ig transgenic mice that produce a single IgH (not reactive with Ft-LPS). Focusing on the cellular mechanisms that underlie this protective response, we show that Ft-LPS specifically stimulates proliferation of B-1a lymphocytes that bind fluorochrome-labeled Ft-LPS and the differentiation of these cells to plasma cells that secrete antibodies specific for Ft-LPS. This exclusively B-1a antibody response is equivalent in WT, T-deficient (TCRalphabeta(-/-), TCRgammadelta(-/-)), and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-deficient (TLR4(-/-)) mice and thus is not dependent on T cells or typical inflammatory processes. Serum antibody levels peak approximately 5 days after Ft-LPS immunization and persist at low levels for months. Thus, immunization with Ft-LPS activates a rare population of antigen-specific B-1a cells to produce a persistent T-independent antibody response that provides long-term protection against lethal Ft LVS infection. These data support the possibility of creating effective, minimally invasive vaccines that can provide effective protection against pathogen invasion.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.