ArticleBreast cancer research : BCR2009
Methylation of homeobox genes is a frequent and early epigenetic event in breast cancer.
Article in Breast cancer research : BCR, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 81 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
81 citing papers in PubMed, 153 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Janus Face of SPAG6: Inducing EMT in Luminal Breast Cancer Cells Amidst Widespread Expression Loss in Breast Tumours.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2025Article
- DCIS Progression and the Tumor Microenvironment: Molecular Insights and Prognostic Challenges.Cancers · 2025Review
- Strong nuclear expression of HOXB13 is a reliable surrogate marker for DNA methylome profiling to distinguish myxopapillary ependymoma from spinal ependymoma.Acta neuropathologica · 2025Article
- Epigenomic Dysregulation in Youth Vapers: Implications for Disease Risk Assessment.American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology · 2025Article
- Integrated multi-omics analysis reveals clinical significance of hepatocyte nuclear factor-1β in tumor immune microenvironment, immunotherapy and prognostic prediction for colon adenocarcinoma.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2024Article
- Homeobox and Polycomb target gene methylation in human solid tumors.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Discovery of novel DNA methylation biomarker panels for the diagnosis and differentiation between common adenocarcinomas and their liver metastases.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- The genetic landscape and possible therapeutics of neurofibromatosis type 2.Cancer cell international · 2023Review
- Genome-wide methylation profiling identify hypermethylated HOXL subclass genes as potential markers for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma detection.BMC medical genomics · 2022Article
- Performance of DNA methylation analysis of ASCL1, LHX8, ST6GALNAC5, GHSR, ZIC1 and SST for the triage of HPV-positive women: Results from a Dutch primary HPV-based screening cohort.International journal of cancer · 2022Article
- Comprehensive bioinformatics analyses identified Homeobox B9 as a potential prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for gastric cancer.Journal of gastrointestinal oncology · 2021Article
- Article
- Hepatocyte nuclear factor 1 beta: A perspective in cancer.Cancer medicine · 2021Review
- Genomics, Epigenetics, and Hearing Loss in Neurofibromatosis Type 2.Otology & neurotology : official publication of the American Otological Society, American Neurotology Society [and] European Academy of Otology and Neurotology · 2020Review
- HOXB13 expression is correlated with hepatic inflammatory activity of patients with hepatic fibrosis.Journal of molecular histology · 2020Article
- Identification of key differentially expressed genes and gene mutations in breast ductal carcinoma in situ using RNA-seq analysis.World journal of surgical oncology · 2020Article
- Review
- Roadmap of DNA methylation in breast cancer identifies novel prognostic biomarkers.BMC cancer · 2019Article
- A Machine Learning Approach for Identifying Gene Biomarkers Guiding the Treatment of Breast Cancer.Frontiers in genetics · 2019Article
- Beyond DNA: the Role of Epigenetics in the Premalignant Progression of Breast Cancer.Journal of mammary gland biology and neoplasia · 2018Review
21 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
introductionAberrant methylation of CpG islands is a hallmark of cancer and occurs at an early stage in breast tumorigenesis. However, its impact on tumor development is not fully determined, and its potential as a diagnostic biomarker remains to be validated. Methylation profiling of invasive breast carcinoma has been largely explored. Conversely, very little and sparse information is available on early-stage breast cancer. To gain insight into the epigenetic switches that may promote and/or contribute to the initial neoplastic events during breast carcinogenesis, we have analyzed the DNA methylation profile of ductal carcinoma in situ, a premalignant breast lesion with a great potential to progress toward invasive carcinoma.
methodsWe have utilized a comprehensive and sensitive array-based DNA mapping technique, the methylated-CpG island recovery assay, to profile the DNA methylation pattern in ductal carcinoma in situ. Differential methylation of CpG islands was compared genome-wide in tumor DNA versus normal DNA utilizing a statistical linear model in the LIMMA software package.
resultsUsing this approach, we have identified 108 significant CpG islands that undergo aberrant DNA methylation in ductal carcinoma in situ and stage I breast tumors, with methylation frequencies greater than or comparable with those of more advanced invasive carcinoma (50% to 93%). A substantial fraction of these hypermethylated CpG islands (32% of the annotated CpG islands) is associated with several homeobox genes, such as the TLX1, HOXB13, and HNF1B genes. Fifty-three percent of the genes hypermethylated in early-stage breast cancer overlap with known Polycomb targets and include homeobox genes and other developmental transcription factors.
conclusionsWe have identified a series of new potential methylation biomarkers that may help elucidate the underlying mechanisms of breast tumorigenesis. More specifically, our results are suggestive of a critical role of homeobox gene methylation in the insurgence and/or progression of breast cancer.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.