ArticleDiabetes care2009
Diabetes in non-Hispanic white youth: prevalence, incidence, and clinical characteristics: the SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study.
Article in Diabetes care, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 95 papers, 8 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
User Evaluation of the Guide To Goals Application - a Care Coordination Tool to Translate ADA Clinical Standards of Care for Children With T2D Into Practice
Studying the Presence of CFRD Complications With Thoughtful Recruitment (SPeCTRuM)
Who cites it
95 citing papers in PubMed, 8 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 207 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Systematic Review of the Effects of Provider Bias on Health in Youth and Young Adults with Type 1 Diabetes.Current diabetes reports · 2024Pooled it
- The Prevalence of Obesity Among Children With Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.JAMA network open · 2022Pooled it
- Prevalence of Hypertension and Albuminuria in Pediatric Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.JAMA network open · 2021Pooled it
- Global and regional estimates of the morbidity due to type I diabetes among children aged 0-4 years: a systematic review and analysis.Journal of global health · 2018Pooled it
- Global epidemiology of type 1 diabetes in young adults and adults: a systematic review.BMC public health · 2015Pooled it
- Global trends in the incidence and prevalence of type 2 diabetes in children and adolescents: a systematic review and evaluation of methodological approaches.Diabetologia · 2013Pooled it
- Overweight and obesity in youth with type 1 diabetes.Annual review of nursing research · 2013Pooled it
- Guideline
- Correlates of Medication Adherence in the TODAY Cohort of Youth With Type 2 Diabetes.Diabetes care · 2016 · on this mapTrial
- Factors Associated with Higher Pro-Inflammatory Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Levels in Young Women with Type 1 Diabetes.Experimental and clinical endocrinology & diabetes : official journal, German Society of Endocrinology [and] German Diabetes Association · 2016Trial
- Weight trajectory of youth with new-onset type 1 diabetes comparing standard and enhanced dietary education.Endocrine · 2015Trial
- Outcomes of a 12-month technology-based intervention to promote weight loss in adolescents at risk for type 2 diabetes.Journal of diabetes science and technology · 2013Trial
- A comparison of two internet programs for adolescents with type 1 diabetes: design and methods.Contemporary clinical trials · 2012Trial
- Self-management problem solving for adolescents with type 1 diabetes: intervention processes associated with an Internet program.Patient education and counseling · 2011Trial
- The intersection of place and health: examining the association of social determinants of health and diabetes in children and adolescents in Florida.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Molecular cross-talk via extracellular vesicles for the characterization of young subjects with type 1 diabetes unravels new potential markers of insulin resistance and double diabetes.Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2025Article
- The Influence of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Small Business Support for Youth Physical Activity Opportunities in Urban, Low-Income, Predominantly Black Neighborhoods.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2025Article
- Cell Therapies and Gene Therapy for Diabetes: Current Progress.Current diabetes reviews · 2025Review
- Hemoglobin A1c and Type 2 Diabetes Incidence Among Adolescents With Overweight and Obesity.JAMA network open · 2024Article
- Effectiveness of comprehensive nursing intervention program (CNIP) on knowledge and practice regarding the prevention of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) among adults.Journal of education and health promotion · 2024Article
35 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 8 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo investigate the incidence, prevalence, and clinical characteristics of diabetes among U.S. non-Hispanic white (NHW) youth. RESEARCH DESIGN AND
methodsData from the SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study (SEARCH study), a multicenter study of diabetes among youth aged 0-19 years, were examined. Incidence rates were calculated per 100,000 person-years across 4 incident years (2002-2005), and prevalence in 2001 was calculated per 1,000 youths. Information obtained by questionnaire, physical examination, and blood and urine collection was analyzed to describe the characteristics of youth who completed an in-person visit.
resultsThe prevalence of type 1 diabetes (at ages 0-19 years) was 2.00/1,000, which was similar for male (2.02/1,000) and female (1.97/1,000) subjects. The incidence of type 1 diabetes was 23.6/100,000, slightly higher for male compared with female subjects (24.5 vs. 22.7 per 100,000, respectively, P = 0.04). Incidence rates of type 1 diabetes among youth aged 0-14 years in the SEARCH study are higher than all previously reported U.S. studies and many European studies. Few cases of type 2 diabetes in youth aged <10 years were found. The prevalence of type 2 diabetes (at ages 10-19 years) was 0.18/1,000, which is significantly higher for female compared with male subjects (0.22 vs. 0.15 per 1,000, P = 0.01). Incidence of type 2 diabetes was 3.7/100,000, with similar rates for female and male subjects (3.9 vs. 3.4 per 1,000, respectively, P = 0.3). High levels of abnormal cardiometabolic and behavioral risk factor profiles were common among youth with both type 1 and type 2 diabetes. For example, within each of four age-groups for youth with type 1 diabetes and two age-groups for youth with type 2 diabetes, >40% had elevated LDL cholesterol, and <3% of youth aged >10 years met current recommendations for intake of saturated fat. Among youth aged >or=15 years, 18% with type 1 and 26% with type 2 diabetes were current smokers.
conclusionsThe SEARCH study is one of the most comprehensive studies of diabetes in NHW youth. The incidence of type 1 diabetes in NHW youth in the U.S. is one of the highest in the world. While type 2 diabetes is still relatively rare, rates are several-fold higher than those reported by European countries. We believe efforts directed at improving the cardiometabolic and behavioral risk factor profiles in this population are warranted.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.