ArticleTransfusion2009
Six years' experience performing RHD genotyping to confirm D- red blood cell units in Germany for preventing anti-D immunizations.
Article in Transfusion, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 47 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
47 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 133 citations in OpenAlex.
- Guideline
- Geographic boundary for the Asian-type DEL in south Asia.iScience · 2026Article
- Transitioning a multiethnic donor pool from serologic D-negative to molecularly RHD-negative at a hospital-based blood donor service.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Article
- Assessment of Unexpected (Non-ABO) Red Blood Cell Antibodies and Their Associated Clinical Conditions Among Patients and Blood Donors Attending University Teaching Hospital of Kigali (CHUK) and Rwanda Blood Transfusion Division.Advances in hematology · 2025Article
- Breakpoint regions of an RHD-CE(4-9)-D allele and a rare JK allele in a Pacific Islander individual.Blood transfusion = Trasfusione del sangue · 2024Article
- Asian-type DEL (RHD*DEL1) with an allo-anti-D: A paradoxical observation in a healthy multiparous woman.Transfusion · 2023Article
- Article
- RHD Positive Haplotype in D Negative Omani Blood Donor.Oman medical journal · 2023Article
- Genotype analysis to clarify RhD variants in discrepant samples of Chilean population.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- When should RhD-negative recipients be spared the transfusion of DEL red cells to avoid anti-D alloimmunization?Transfusion · 2022Article
- Five-Years Review ofGenes · 2022Review
- Article
- DEL in China: the D antigen among serologic RhD-negative individuals.Journal of translational medicine · 2021Review
- RHD Genotyping of Rh-Negative and Weak D Phenotype among Blood Donors in Southeast Iran.International journal of hematology-oncology and stem cell research · 2021Article
- Proceed with care: the "uncommon" serologic weak D phenotypes.Blood transfusion = Trasfusione del sangue · 2021Article
- Article
- Article
- A resource-conserving serologic and highthroughput molecular approach to screen for blood donors with an IN:-5 phenotype.Immunohematology · 2020Article
- Frameshift variations in the RHD coding sequence: Molecular mechanisms permitting protein expression.Transfusion · 2020Review
- Next-generation sequencing of 35 RHD variants in 16 253 serologically D- pregnant women in the Finnish population.Blood advances · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundRed blood cell (RBC) units of D+ donors are falsely labeled D- if regular serologic typing fails to detect low D antigen expression or chimerism. The limitations of serology can be overcome by molecular typing. STUDY DESIGN AND
methodsIn January 2002, we introduced a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based assay for RHD as a routine test for first-time donors who typed D- by serologic methods including the indirect antiglobulin test. Samples were tested in pools of 20 for the RHD-specific polymorphism in Intron 4. RHD alleles were identified by PCR and nucleotide sequencing.
resultsWithin 6 years, 46,133 serologically D- first-time donors were screened for the RHD gene. The prevalence of RHD gene carriers detected by this method was 0.21 percent. Twenty-three RHD alleles were found of which 15 were new. Approximately one-half of the RHD gene carriers harbored alleles expressing a DEL phenotype resulting in a prevalence of 0.1 percent.
conclusionThe integration of RHD genotyping into the routine screening program was practical. We report 6 years' experience of this donor testing policy, which is not performed in most transfusion services worldwide. RBC units of donors with DEL phenotype have been reported to anti-D immunize D- recipients. We transferred those donors to the D+ donor pool with the rationale of preventing anti-D immunizations, especially dreaded in pregnancies. For each population, it will be necessary to adapt the RHD genotyping strategy to the spectrum of prevalent alleles.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.