ArticleCritical care medicine2009
Norepinephrine increases blood pressure but not survival with anthrax lethal toxin in rats.
Article in Critical care medicine, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- A Review of the Efficacy of FDA-ApprovedToxins · 2021Review
- Cerebral Blood Flow-Guided Manipulation of Arterial Blood Pressure Attenuates Hippocampal Apoptosis After Asphyxia-Induced Cardiac Arrest in Rats.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2020Article
- Shock and lethality with anthrax edema toxin in rats are associated with reduced arterial responsiveness to phenylephrine and are reversed with adefovir.American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology · 2017Article
- Article
- Deep anesthesia worsens outcome of rats with inflammatory responses.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2016Article
- Bacillus anthracis edema but not lethal toxin challenge in rats is associated with depressed myocardial function in hearts isolated and tested in a Langendorff system.American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology · 2015Article
- Molecular determinants for a cardiovascular collapse in anthrax.Frontiers in bioscience (Elite edition) · 2014Review
- Two anthrax cases with soft tissue infection, severe oedema and sepsis in Danish heroin users.BMC infectious diseases · 2013Article
- An overview of anthrax infection including the recently identified form of disease in injection drug users.Intensive care medicine · 2012Review
- Anthrax and the inflammasome.Microbes and infection · 2012Review
- Protective antigen antibody augments hemodynamic support in anthrax lethal toxin shock in canines.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2012Article
- Anthrax infection.American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · 2011Review
- Anthrax lethal and edema toxins produce different patterns of cardiovascular and renal dysfunction and synergistically decrease survival in canines.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2010Article
- Cellular and systemic effects of anthrax lethal toxin and edema toxin.Molecular aspects of medicine · 2009Review
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesThe response of anthrax lethal toxin (LeTx) induced shock and lethality to conventional therapies has received little study. Previously, fluids worsened outcome in LeTx-challenged rats in contrast to its benefit with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or Escherichia coli. The current study investigated norepinephrine treatment. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN
resultsSprague-Dawley rats (n = 232) weighing between 230 and 250 g were challenged with similar lethal (80%) 24-hour infusions of either LPS or LeTx, or with diluent only. Toxin-challenged animals were also randomized to receive 24-hour infusions with one of three doses of norepinephrine (0.03, 0.3, or 3.0 microg/kg/min) or placebo started 1 hour after initiation of challenge. All toxin animals received similar volumes of fluid over the 24 hours (equivalent to 4.0-4.3 mL/kg/hr). Although the intermediate norepinephrine dose (0.3 microg/kg/min for 24 hours) improved survival with LPS (p = 0.04) and increased blood pressure before the onset of lethality with LeTx (p < 0.0001), it did not improve survival with the latter (p = ns). Furthermore, neither increasing nor decreasing norepinephrine doses improved survival with LeTx.
conclusionHypotension with LeTx may not be a primary cause of lethality in this model. Rather, LeTx may cause direct cellular injury insensitive to vasopressors. These findings suggest that during anthrax infection and shock, along with hemodynamic support, toxin-directed treatments may be necessary as well.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.