Evidence map›Paper›PMID 19240943›Full record

ReviewNatural product reports2009

Lessons learned from the contamination of heparin.

Haiying Liu, Zhenqing Zhang, Robert J Linhardt

Open access · greenAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Natural product reports, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 150 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
150citing papers in PubMed
11.9field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

150 citing papers in PubMed, 387 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Review
  4. Heparin: Over 100 Years of Anticoagulation.Handbook of experimental pharmacology · 2026
    Review
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. [Advances in heparin structural analysis by chromatography technologies].Se pu = Chinese journal of chromatography · 2023
    Review
  16. Non-anticoagulant heparin derivatives for COVID-19 treatment.International journal of biological macromolecules · 2023
    Review
  17. Utilizing theInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2023
    Article
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. Beyond nylon 6: polyamidesChemical Society reviews · 2022
    Review

90 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Haiying LiuDepartment of Chemistry, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, USA.
Zhenqing Zhang
Robert J Linhardt
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute · US

Funding

Synthetic Heparan Sulfate: Probing Biosynthesis to Prepare Defined DrugsR01HL062244 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF IOWA · PI DEANGELIS, PAUL L, LINHARDT, ROBERT J · 2001 to 2016
$4.1M
SEQUENCING THE POLYSACCHARIDE COMPONENT OF PROTEOGLYCANSR01GM038060 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF IOWA · PI LINHARDT, ROBERT J · 1988 to 2012
$2.8M
Heparin Glycan Microarray for ScreeningR41RR023764 · NCRR · SOLIDUS BIOSCIENCES, INC. · PI LINHARDT, ROBERT J · 2007 to 2008
$400k
NCRR NIH HHS R41 RR023764NCRR NIH HHS RR023764NHLBI NIH HHS HL62244NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL062244NIGMS NIH HHS GM38060NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM038060
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Heparin is unique as one of the oldest drugs currently still in widespread clinical use as an anticoagulant, a natural product, one of the first biopolymeric drugs, and one of the few carbohydrate drugs. Recently, certain batches of heparin have been associated with anaphylactoid-type reactions, some leading to hypotension and death. These reactions were traced to contamination with a semi-synthetic oversulfated chondroitin sulfate (OSCS). This Highlight reviews the heparin contamination crisis, its resolution, and the lessons learned. Pharmaceutical scientists now must consider dozens of natural and synthetic heparinoids as potential heparin contaminants. Effective assays, which can detect both known and unknown contaminants, are required to monitor the quality of heparin. Safer and better-regulated processes are needed for heparin production.

Indexed as

Drug ContaminationAnticoagulantsBiological ProductsChondroitin SulfatesHeparinMolecular StructureUnited StatesUnited States Food and Drug AdministrationAnticoagulantsBiological ProductsChondroitin SulfatesHeparin

Identifiers

PMID19240943
PMCPMC3498470
OpenAlexW2151178558

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.