ArticlePloS one2009
In very young infants severity of acute bronchiolitis depends on carried viruses.
Article in PloS one, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03619499 (Non Invasive Ventilation Versus Invasive Ventilation in Management of Bronchiolitis), which is not on this map. Cited by 93 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Non Invasive Ventilation Versus Invasive Ventilation in Management of Bronchiolitis
Who cites it
93 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 190 citations in OpenAlex.
- The role of viral co-infections in the severity of acute respiratory infections among children infected with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV): A systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of global health · 2020Pooled it
- Assessing the potential of upper respiratory tract point-of-care testing: a systematic review of the prognostic significance of upper respiratory tract microbes.Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases · 2019Pooled it
- Human metapneumovirus in patients hospitalized with acute respiratory infections: A meta-analysis.Journal of clinical virology : the official publication of the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology · 2016Pooled it
- Respiratory viral coinfection and disease severity in children: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of clinical virology : the official publication of the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology · 2016Pooled it
- Clinical disease severity of respiratory viral co-infection versus single viral infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2014Pooled it
- Microbiosthma: a prospective study following respiratory microbiota in young children with severe preschool wheezing to better understand their respiratory future.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2025Trial
- Trial
- A pilot, open labelled, randomised controlled trial of hypertonic saline nasal irrigation and gargling for the common cold.Scientific reports · 2019Trial
- A Review of Respiratory Infection Caused by the Human Metapneumovirus: Occurrence, Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, Public Health Outcomes, and Intervention Strategies.Health science reports · 2026Article
- Respiratory viral coinfections: interactions, mechanisms and clinical implications.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2025Review
- Opposite Responses of Interferon and Proinflammatory Cytokines Induced by Human Metapneumovirus and Respiratory Syncytial Virus in Macrophages.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Clinical relevance of bacterial and/or viral coinfection in acute bronchiolitis in an Italian neonatal unit during the 2021-2023 seasons.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2025Article
- Insights from respiratory virus co-infections.World journal of virology · 2024Review
- Seasonal distribution and upsurge of respiratory viruses among indigenous tribes with ILI and SARI in a far-flung Car Nicobar Island.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Clinical comparison of HMPV and RSV infections in hospitalised Malaysian children: A propensity score matched study.The clinical respiratory journal · 2024Observational
- Bacterial small RNAs may mediate immune response differences seen in respiratory syncytial virus versus rhinovirus bronchiolitis.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Unravelling the acute respiratory infection landscape: virus type, viral load, health status and coinfection do matter.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2024Article
- Immunotherapeutic implications on targeting the cytokines produced in rhinovirus-induced immunoreactions.Frontiers in allergy · 2024Review
- Editorial: Small non-coding RNAs in Gram negative bacteria.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2024Article
- Respiratory Virus-Specific Nasopharyngeal Lipidome Signatures and Severity in Infants With Bronchiolitis: A Prospective Multicenter Study.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2023Article
33 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundRT amplification reaction has revealed that various single viruses or viral co-infections caused acute bronchiolitis in infants, and RV appeared to have a growing involvement in early respiratory diseases. Because remaining controversial, the objective was to determine prospectively the respective role of RSV, RV, hMPV and co-infections on the severity of acute bronchiolitis in very young infants. METHODS AND PRINCIPAL
findings209 infants (median age: 2.4 months) were enrolled in a prospective study of infants <1 year old, hospitalized for a first episode of bronchiolitis during the winter epidemic season and with no high risk for severe disease. The severity was assessed by recording SaO(2)% at admission, a daily clinical score (scale 0-18), the duration of oxygen supplementation and the length of hospitalization. Viruses were identified in 94.7% by RT amplification reaction: RSV only (45.8%), RV only (7.2%), hMPV only (3.8%), dual RSV/RV (14.3%), and other virus only (2%) or coinfections (9%). RV compared respectively with RSV and dual RSV/RV infection caused a significant less severe disease with a lower clinical score (5[3.2-6] vs. 6[4-8], p = 0.01 and 5.5[5-7], p = 0.04), a shorter time in oxygen supplementation (0[0-1] days vs. 2[0-3] days, p = 0.02 and 2[0-3] days, p = 0.03) and a shorter hospital stay (3[3-4.7] days vs.6 [5-8] days, p = 0.001 and 5[4-6] days, p = 0.04). Conversely, RSV infants had also longer duration of hospitalization in comparison with RSV/RV (p = 0.01) and hMPV (p = 0.04). The multivariate analyses showed that the type of virus carried was independently associated with the duration of hospitalization.
conclusionThis study underlined the role of RV in early respiratory diseases, as frequently carried by young infants with a first acute bronchiolitis. RSV caused the more severe disease and conversely RV the lesser severity. No additional effect of dual RSV/RV infection was observed on the severity.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.