ArticleGut2009
Changes in gut microbiota control inflammation in obese mice through a mechanism involving GLP-2-driven improvement of gut permeability.
Article in Gut, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 3 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 1,104 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Gut Peptides and Intestinal Permeability in Celiac Patients, Healthy Subjects and IBS Patients: a Comparative Study
Effects of 3-month Probiotic Mix Supplementation (L. Helveticus R-0052, B. Longum R-0175) on Gut Microbiota and Metabolome, Endocannabinoid and Immune Systems Activation, Along With Symptoms of Fatigue in Professional Dancers
Probiotic supplement versus placebo for decrease steatosis in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (masld): a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
Who cites it
1,104 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 2,458 citations in OpenAlex.
- The gut-prostate axis in benign prostatic hyperplasia: systematic review of microbial dysbiosis and pathogenic mechanisms.BMC urology · 2026Pooled it
- The effect of berberine on obesity indices: a systematic review and meta-analysis.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2026Pooled it
- The Role of Gut Microbiota in Pediatric Obesity and Metabolic Disorders: Insights from a Comprehensive Review.Nutrients · 2025Pooled it
- Major heavy metals and human gut microbiota composition: a systematic review with nutritional approach.Journal of health, population, and nutrition · 2025Pooled it
- Limited support for a direct connection between prebiotics and intestinal permeability - a systematic review.Glycoconjugate journal · 2024Pooled it
- The effects of gut microbiome manipulation on glycemic indices in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a comprehensive umbrella review.Nutrition & diabetes · 2024Pooled it
- Calorie-restricted oat diet is associated with zonulin and short-chain fatty acid response in metabolic syndrome: a randomized controlled trial.Gut microbes · 2026Trial
- Probiotic supplementation improves body composition, lipid profiles, and fatty acid metabolism in combat sports athletes during the weight reduction phase.Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · 2026Trial
- Bispecific GLP-1/GLP-2 agonism in advanced type 2 diabetes: preclinical characterization and a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase I trial.Nature communications · 2026Trial
- Trial
- Article
- Multi-organ metabolic dysregulation and cecal microbiota alterations following black carbon exposure.Journal of advanced research · 2026Article
- Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis Mechanisms in Cognitive Impairment Associated with Central Obesity.Current obesity reports · 2026Review
- Successful treatment with teduglutide in short bowel syndrome with intestinal failure secondary to small-bowel volvulus: a case report and literature review.International journal of surgery case reports · 2026Article
- Targeting the human gut microbiome: a comparative review of probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, and postbiotics.Journal of advanced research · 2026Review
- Synergies and Trade-Offs in Modern Poultry Nutrition: An Integrated Framework Linking Animal Health, Productivity and Greenhouse Gas Mitigation.Veterinary sciences · 2026Review
- Review
- Exploring Endotoxemia in Age-Related Macular Degeneration, Glaucoma, and Diabetic Retinopathy.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2026Review
- Chronic, but not acute, treatment with GLP-2 and GIP in combination increases glucose absorption in the isolated vascularly perfused rat intestine.Physiological reports · 2026Article
- Effect of Probiotics on the Gut-Mammary Pathway: Implications on Infant Microbiota Transfer and Development.Current nutrition reports · 2026Review
1,044 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
aimsObese and diabetic mice display enhanced intestinal permeability and metabolic endotoxaemia that participate in the occurrence of metabolic disorders. Our recent data support the idea that a selective increase of Bifidobacterium spp. reduces the impact of high-fat diet-induced metabolic endotoxaemia and inflammatory disorders. Here, we hypothesised that prebiotic modulation of gut microbiota lowers intestinal permeability, by a mechanism involving glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2) thereby improving inflammation and metabolic disorders during obesity and diabetes.
methodsStudy 1: ob/ob mice (Ob-CT) were treated with either prebiotic (Ob-Pre) or non-prebiotic carbohydrates as control (Ob-Cell). Study 2: Ob-CT and Ob-Pre mice were treated with GLP-2 antagonist or saline. Study 3: Ob-CT mice were treated with a GLP-2 agonist or saline. We assessed changes in the gut microbiota, intestinal permeability, gut peptides, intestinal epithelial tight-junction proteins ZO-1 and occludin (qPCR and immunohistochemistry), hepatic and systemic inflammation.
resultsPrebiotic-treated mice exhibited a lower plasma lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and cytokines, and a decreased hepatic expression of inflammatory and oxidative stress markers. This decreased inflammatory tone was associated with a lower intestinal permeability and improved tight-junction integrity compared to controls. Prebiotic increased the endogenous intestinotrophic proglucagon-derived peptide (GLP-2) production whereas the GLP-2 antagonist abolished most of the prebiotic effects. Finally, pharmacological GLP-2 treatment decreased gut permeability, systemic and hepatic inflammatory phenotype associated with obesity to a similar extent as that observed following prebiotic-induced changes in gut microbiota.
conclusionWe found that a selective gut microbiota change controls and increases endogenous GLP-2 production, and consequently improves gut barrier functions by a GLP-2-dependent mechanism, contributing to the improvement of gut barrier functions during obesity and diabetes.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.