ArticleEmerging infectious diseases2009
Clinical risk factors for severe Clostridium difficile-associated disease.
Article in Emerging infectious diseases, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 96 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
96 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 217 citations in OpenAlex.
- Recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of Clostridioides difficile infection: An official clinical practice guideline of the Spanish Society of Chemotherapy (SEQ), Spanish Society of Internal Medicine (SEMI) and the working group of Postoperative Infection of the Spanish Society of Anesthesia and Reanimation (SEDAR).Revista espanola de quimioterapia : publicacion oficial de la Sociedad Espanola de Quimioterapia · 2020Guideline
- Chronic kidney disease and end-stage renal disease are risk factors for poor outcomes of Clostridium difficile infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis.International journal of clinical practice · 2015Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Risk factors for recurrence, complications and mortality in Clostridium difficile infection: a systematic review.PloS one · 2014Pooled it
- Fidaxomicin versus vancomycin for Clostridium difficile infection: meta-analysis of pivotal randomized controlled trials.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2012Pooled it
- Biomarkers for Early Severity Prediction inMedicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Review
- Clostridioides difficile Infection in Aged Mice Decreases Memory Function, Which Can Be Protected with Alanyl-Glutamine Supplementation.The Journal of nutrition · 2025Article
- The sympathetic nervous system drives hyperinflammatory responses to Clostridioides difficile infection.Cell reports. Medicine · 2024Article
- Management of Clostridioides difficile infection: an Italian Delphi consensus.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2024Article
- Article
- Development of a Prediction Model to Identify the Risk ofPharmacy (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- A new score to predict Clostridioides difficile infection in medical patients: a sub-analysis of the FADOI-PRACTICE study.Internal and emergency medicine · 2023Article
- Article
- Article
- The effect of novel antimicrobial agents on the normal functioning of human intestinal microbiota: a systematic review.Frontiers in gastroenterology (Lausanne, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- A gut-centric view of aging: Do intestinal epithelial cells contribute to age-associated microbiota changes, inflammaging, and immunosenescence?Aging cell · 2022Review
- Risk Factors for Hospital Readmission forPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Obesity is not associated with adverse outcomes among hospitalized patients with Clostridioides difficile infection.Gut pathogens · 2022Article
- A Prediction Model Incorporating Peripheral Eosinopenia as a Novel Risk Factor for Death After Hospitalization forGastro hep advances · 2022Article
- Fecal Microbiota Transplant in Severe and Non-SevereJournal of clinical medicine · 2021Article
36 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Identifying patients who are at high risk for severe Clostridium difficile-associated disease (CDAD) early in the course of their infection may help clinicians improve outcomes. Therefore, we compared clinical features associated with severe versus nonsevere CDAD by retrospectively reviewing records of hospitalized patients whose fecal assays were positive for C. difficile toxin. Of 336 patients, 12.2% had severe disease and 10.1% died from all causes. Regression modeling showed the following to be significantly associated with severe CDAD (p< or =0.05): age >70 years (odds ratio [OR] 3.35), maximum leukocyte count >20,000 cells/mL (OR 2.77), minimum albumin level <2.5 g/dL (OR 3.44), maximum creatinine level >2 mg/dL (OR 2.47), small bowel obstruction or ileus (OR 3.06), and computed tomography scan showing colorectal inflammation (OR 13.54). These clinical and laboratory markers for severe disease may be useful for identifying patients at risk for serious outcomes or death.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.