ArticleCancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII2009
Targeting tumor-associated macrophages in an experimental glioma model with a recombinant immunotoxin to folate receptor beta.
Article in Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 67 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
67 citing papers in PubMed, 121 citations in OpenAlex.
- Platelet-derived growth factor-C (PDGF-C) induces anti-apoptotic effects on macrophages through Akt and Bad phosphorylation.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2014Trial
- Folate metabolism in tumor-associated macrophages drives immunosuppressive function to promote tumor growth.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Folate receptor beta drives NLRP3 inflammasome activation and pyroptosis in macrophages independent of folate binding.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2026Article
- Highly Efficient Derivation of Functional Human-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Macrophages under Serum-Free Conditions to Study Innate Immune Responses.Journal of innate immunity · 2026Article
- Potential targets for boron transport in boron neutron capture therapy.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Review
- FOLR2Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2025Review
- Curcumin in Cancer and Inflammation: An In-Depth Exploration of Molecular Interactions, Therapeutic Potentials, and the Role in Disease Management.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Biomimetic Systems Involving Macrophages and Their Potential for Targeted Drug Delivery.Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Regulatory cells and the effect of cancer immunotherapy.Molecular cancer · 2023Review
- Cell-targeted vaccines: implications for adaptive immunity.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Gut Microbiota and Tumor Immune Escape: A New Perspective for Improving Tumor Immunotherapy.Cancers · 2022Review
- Targeted therapy of pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine antifolates in a syngeneic mouse model of high grade serous ovarian cancer and the impact on the tumor microenvironment.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Combined Photothermal and Photodynamic Therapy for Cancer Treatment Using a Multifunctional Graphene Oxide.Pharmaceutics · 2022Article
- The role of tumor-associated macrophages in oral squamous cell carcinoma.Frontiers in physiology · 2022Review
- Folate Transport and One-Carbon Metabolism in Targeted Therapies of Epithelial Ovarian Cancer.Cancers · 2021Review
- Tumor-Associated Macrophages: Combination of Therapies, the Approach to Improve Cancer Treatment.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Folate Receptor Beta as a Direct and Indirect Target for Antibody-Based Cancer Immunotherapy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Review
- Targeting macrophages in cancer immunotherapy.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2021Article
- Folate Receptors' Expression in Gliomas May Possess Potential Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery Opportunities.ACS omega · 2021Review
7 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are frequently found in glioblastomas and a high degree of macrophage infiltration is associated with a poor prognosis for glioblastoma patients. However, it is unclear whether TAMs in glioblastomas promote tumor growth. In this study, we found that folate receptor beta (FR beta) was expressed on macrophages in human glioblastomas and a rat C6 glioma implanted subcutaneously in nude mice. To target FR beta-expressing TAMs, we produced a recombinant immunotoxin consisting of immunoglobulin heavy and light chain Fv portions of an anti-mouse FR beta monoclonal antibody and Pseudomonas exotoxin A. Injection of the immunotoxin into C6 glioma xenografts in nude mice significantly depleted TAMs and reduced tumor growth. The immunotoxin targeting FR beta-expressing macrophages will provide a therapeutic tool for human glioblastomas.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.