Evidence map›Paper›PMID 19237529›Full record

ArticleInfection and immunity2009

Contribution of flagellin pattern recognition to intestinal inflammation during Salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium infection.

Sebastian E Winter, Parameth Thiennimitr, Sean-Paul Nuccio, Takeshi Haneda, Maria G Winter, R Paul Wilson, Joseph M Russell, Thomas Henry, Quynh T Tran, Sara D Lawhon and 6 more

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Infection and immunity, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 75 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
75citing papers in PubMed
6.4field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

75 citing papers in PubMed, 99 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. International journal of molecular sciences · 2026
    Article
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Gut · 2025
    Article
  6. Probiotic, Paraprobiotic, and Postbiotic Activities ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025
    Article
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  17. Review
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15 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.

Sebastian E WinterDepartment of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of California at Davis, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616-8645, USA.
Parameth Thiennimitr
Sean-Paul Nuccio
Takeshi Haneda
Maria G Winter
R Paul Wilson
Joseph M Russell
Thomas Henry
Quynh T Tran
Sara D Lawhon
Gabriel Gomez
Charles L Bevins
Holger Rüssmann
Denise M Monack
L Garry Adams
Andreas J Bäumler
University of California, Davis · USTexas A&M University · USStanford University · USLudwig-Maximilians-Universität München · DE

Funding

Virulence Factors of SalmonellaR01AI044170 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA DAVIS · PI BAUMLER, ANDREAS J · 1999 to 2022
$8.5M
Analysis of Salmonella typhimurium Fimbrial AntigensR01AI040124 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA DAVIS · PI BAUMLER, ANDREAS J · 2002 to 2011
$3.6M
Novel Defensins in Human Epithelial TissuesR37AI032738 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS · PI BEVINS, CHARLES L · 2015 to 2022
$3.1M
Host Interactions of Salmonella typhimuriumR01AI076246 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS · PI ADAMS, LESLIE GARRY, BAUMLER, ANDREAS J · 2009 to 2013
$2.7M
In vivo Models of Defensin ActivityR01AI050843 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA DAVIS · PI BEVINS, CHARLES L · 2002 to 2006
$1.6M
Pathogenesis of S. Typhimurium bacteremiaR21AI079173 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS · PI BAUMLER, ANDREAS J · 2008 to 2009
$418k
S TYPHIMURIUM ADHESION TO PEYERS PATCHESR29AI040124 · NIAID · TEXAS A&M UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCE CTR · PI BAUMLER, ANDREAS J · 1997 to 2001
$207k
EXTRAMURAL RESEARCH FACILITIES CONSTRUCTIONC06RR012088 · NCRR · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA DAVIS · PI CURRY, FITZ-ROY E · 1996 to 1996
–
NCRR NIH HHS C06 RR012088NCRR NIH HHS C06 RR12088-01NIAID NIH HHS AI040124NIAID NIH HHS AI044170NIAID NIH HHS AI076246NIAID NIH HHS AI079173NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI040124NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI044170NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI050843NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI076246NIAID NIH HHS R21 AI079173NIAID NIH HHS R29 AI040124NIAID NIH HHS R37 AI032738
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium causes acute inflammatory diarrhea in humans. Flagella contribute to intestinal inflammation, but the mechanism remains unclear since most mutations abrogating pattern recognition of flagellin also prevent motility and reduce bacterial invasion. To determine the contribution of flagellin pattern recognition to the generation of innate immune responses, we compared in two animal models a nonmotile, but flagellin-expressing and -secreting serotype Typhimurium strain (flgK mutant) to a nonmotile, non-flagellin-expressing strain (flgK fliC fljB mutant). In vitro, caspase-1 can be activated by cytosolic delivery of flagellin, resulting in release of the interferon gamma inducing factor interleukin-18 (IL-18). Experiments with streptomycin-pretreated caspase-1-deficient mice suggested that induction of gamma interferon expression in the murine cecum early (12 h) after serotype Typhimurium infection was caspase-1 dependent but independent of flagellin pattern recognition. In addition, mRNA levels of the CXC chemokines macrophage inflammatory protein 2 and keratinocyte-derived chemokine were markedly increased early after serotype Typhimurium infection of streptomycin-pretreated wild-type mice regardless of flagellin expression. In contrast, in bovine ligated ileal loops, flagellin pattern recognition contributed to increased mRNA levels of macrophage inflammatory protein 3alpha and more fluid accumulation at 2 h after infection. Collectively, our data suggest that pattern recognition of flagellin contributes to early innate host responses in the bovine ileal mucosa but not in the murine cecal mucosa.

Indexed as

InflammationAnimalsCaspase 1CattleCecumCytokinesFlagellinGene DeletionIleumMiceSalmonella InfectionsSalmonella typhimuriumCaspase 1CytokinesFlagellin

Identifiers

PMID19237529
PMCPMC2681779
OpenAlexW2113655591

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.