Evidence map›Paper›PMID 19234812›Full record

ArticleJournal of neuro-oncology2009

Mechanisms of the increase in the permeability of the blood-tumor barrier obtained by combining low-frequency ultrasound irradiation with small-dose bradykinin.

Chun-yi Xia, Zhen Zhang, Yi-xue Xue, Ping Wang, Yun-hui Liu

Abstract read
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of neuro-oncology, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
26citing papers in PubMed
3.9field-weighted citation impact, top 7% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

26 citing papers in PubMed, 50 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. MR image-guided delivery of cisplatin-loaded brain-penetrating nanoparticles to invasive glioma with focused ultrasound.Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 2017
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Drug and gene delivery across the blood-brain barrier with focused ultrasound.Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 2015
    Review
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Review
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Ultrasound enhanced drug delivery to the brain and central nervous system.International journal of hyperthermia : the official journal of European Society for Hyperthermic Oncology, North American Hyperthermia Group · 2012
    Review
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Chun-yi XiaDepartment of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, People's Republic of China.
Zhen Zhang
Yi-xue Xue
Ping Wang
Yun-hui Liu
China Medical University · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The research was conducted to study the characteristics of the noninvasive, reversible, targeted opening of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) by use of low-frequency ultrasound (LFU) irradiation and the selective opening of the blood-tumor barrier (BTB) by intracarotid infusion of bradykinin (BK) in small-dose, with the objective of exploring maximum opening of the BTB by combining LFU irradiation with BK infusion. Thus, it provides new therapeutic strategies for targeted transport of macromolecular or granular drugs to the brain. By using the rat C6 glioma model it was shown that extravasation of Evans blue (EB) through the BTB was significantly increased by combining LFU irradiation (frequency = 1.0 MHz, power = 12 mW, duration = 20 s) with intracarotid small-dose BK infusion, compared with utilizing the two methods separately. By transmission electron microscopy (TEM) we observed that this combination significantly increased the number of pinocytotic vesicles of brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs) in the BTB. An even more significant increase was observed by using RT-PCR, western blot, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence to detect mRNA and changes of expression of the caveolae structure proteins caveolin-1 and caveolin-2 of BMECs. In summary, this research concludes that LFU irradiation and small-dose BK together selectively enhance the permeability of the BTB and increase the number of pinocytic vesicles of BMECs to a maximum. Significant up-regulation of the level of expression of caveolae structure proteins caveolin-1 and caveolin-2 might be the molecular mechanism of the co-enhanced endocytotic transport by BMECs. Thus, this research provides new therapeutic strategies for targeted transport of macromolecular drugs and the design of drugs.

Indexed as

Ultrasonic TherapyAnimalsBlood-Brain BarrierBradykininBrain NeoplasmsCapillary PermeabilityCaveolin 1Caveolin 2FemaleGene Expression Regulation, NeoplasticGliomaMicroscopy, Electron, TransmissionRatsRats, WistarVasodilator AgentsXenograft Model Antitumor AssaysBradykininCaveolin 1Caveolin 2Vasodilator Agents

Identifiers

PMID19234812
OpenAlexW1975656830

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.