ArticleVeterinary microbiology2009
Epidemiological study of bovine norovirus infection by RT-PCR and a VLP-based antibody ELISA.
Article in Veterinary microbiology, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 49 citations in OpenAlex.
- Clinical and Epidemiological Features of Calicivirus Infections in Cattle.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Review
- Molecular characteristics of bovine norovirus and nebovirus in Swedish dairy herds.Acta veterinaria Scandinavica · 2025Article
- Prevalence and genetic characterization of diarrhea viruses among cattle in Guangdong, China.BMC veterinary research · 2025Article
- Immunogenicity of Virus-like Particles Based on VP1 Protein of Bovine Norovirus.Veterinary sciences · 2025Article
- Recombinant AMA1 Virus-like Particle Antigen for Serodiagnosis ofBiomedicines · 2022Article
- First Detection and Genomic Characterization of Bovine Norovirus from Yak.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Literature Review: Coinfection in Young Ruminant Livestock-Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Causative agents and epidemiology of diarrhea in Korean native calves.Journal of veterinary science · 2019Article
- Genetic and phylogenetic analyses of the first GIII.2 bovine norovirus in China.BMC veterinary research · 2019Article
- Animals as Reservoir for Human Norovirus.Viruses · 2019Review
- First detection of Nebovirus and Norovirus from cattle in China.Archives of virology · 2018Article
- Molecular detection of bovine Noroviruses in Argentinean dairy calves: Circulation of a tentative new genotype.Infection, genetics and evolution : journal of molecular epidemiology and evolutionary genetics in infectious diseases · 2016Article
- Bovine noroviruses: A missing component of calf diarrhoea diagnosis.Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997) · 2016Review
- Pathogenesis of GIII.2 bovine norovirus, CV186-OH/00/US strain in gnotobiotic calves.Veterinary microbiology · 2014Article
- An overview of calf diarrhea - infectious etiology, diagnosis, and intervention.Journal of veterinary science · 2014Review
- Retrospective serosurveillance of bovine norovirus (GIII.2) and nebovirus in cattle from selected feedlots and a veal calf farm in 1999 to 2001 in the United States.Archives of virology · 2014Article
- A review of known and hypothetical transmission routes for noroviruses.Food and environmental virology · 2012Review
- Development and application of a SYBR green RT-PCR for first line screening and quantification of porcine sapovirus infection.BMC veterinary research · 2012Article
- Infection of calves with bovine norovirus GIII.1 strain Jena virus: an experimental model to study the pathogenesis of norovirus infection.Journal of virology · 2011Article
- Detection of bacterial indicators and human and bovine enteric viruses in surface water and groundwater sources potentially impacted by animal and human wastes in Lower Yakima Valley, Washington.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2011Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Noroviruses, belonging to the family Caliciviridae, have been identified in human beings and in several animal species including cattle. The distribution of bovine norovirus infections was investigated by both RT-PCR to detect norovirus genomes and a virus-like particles-based ELISA to detect genotype 2 bovine norovirus antibodies. During a 1-year systematic study, a virus prevalence of 7.5% (CI 95%: [3.7; 13.4%]) (10 out of 133 samples) was found in stool samples from diarrhoeic calves screened by RT-PCR. Nucleotide sequencing performed on the polymerase region classified all the norovirus amplicons in the bovine norovirus genotype 2. Rather surprisingly, some rotavirus sequences were also detected. On the basis of the polymerase region, genotype 1 bovine norovirus was not identified. Other enteropathogens were found in all samples. By ELISA, a genotype 2 seroprevalence of 93.2% (CI 95%: [90.4; 95.3%]) was found from calves and adult cattle. Antibody levels against genotype 2 bovine noroviruses rose in the first 6 months of life and were maintained in adults. Together the results of virus prevalence and seroprevalence studies suggest that bovine norovirus infection occurs early in life and that re-infection with serologically related bovine noroviruses strains could occur in adult cattle as reported for rotaviruses. The antibody rise against genotype 2 bovine noroviruses in the adult cattle also suggests a short lived and/or strain specific immunity as already shown in human noroviruses. Genotype 2 bovine noroviruses are endemic in the region investigated.
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