ReviewCurrent opinion in immunology2009
Iron in innate immunity: starve the invaders.
Review in Current opinion in immunology, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 138 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
138 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 285 citations in OpenAlex.
- UK kidney association clinical practice guideline: update of anaemia of chronic kidney disease.BMC nephrology · 2025Guideline
- Pooled it
- Iron Deficiency and Incident Infections among Community-Dwelling Adults Age 70 Years and Older: Results from the DO-HEALTH Study.The journal of nutrition, health & aging · 2022Trial
- Effect of Vitamin E With Therapeutic Iron Supplementation on Iron Repletion and Gut Microbiome in US Iron Deficient Infants and Toddlers.Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition · 2016Trial
- The terminal heme synthetic enzyme, coproheme decarboxylase, negatively regulates heme uptake in Mycobacterium tuberculosis.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2026Article
- Viruses hijack FPN1 to disrupt iron withholding and suppress host defense.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Metals at the Host-Fungal Pathogen Battleground.Annual review of microbiology · 2024Review
- Iron-depleting nutritional immunity controls extracellular bacterial replication in Legionella pneumophila infections.Nature communications · 2024Article
- The cytosolic form of dual localized BolA family protein Bol3 is important for adaptation to iron starvation inOpen biology · 2024Article
- High-throughput fitness experiments reveal specific vulnerabilities of human-adapted Salmonella during stress and infection.Nature genetics · 2024Article
- A dietary commensal microbe enhances antitumor immunity by activating tumor macrophages to sequester iron.Nature immunology · 2024Article
- Iron, Copper, and Selenium: Cancer's Thing for Redox Bling.Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine · 2024Review
- Heme sequestration by hemophilin frommSphere · 2024Article
- Immune dysregulation is an important factor in the underlying complications in Influenza infection. ApoH, IL-8 and IL-15 as markers of prognosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Observational
- Structural Study of a New MbtI-Inhibitor Complex: Towards an Optimized Model for Structure-Based Drug Discovery.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Fungal siderophore metabolism with a focus on Aspergillus fumigatus: impact on biotic interactions and potential translational applications.Essays in biochemistry · 2023Article
- Iron homeostasis in full-term, normal birthweight Gambian neonates over the first week of life.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Pro-Inflammatory Priming of the Brain: The Underlying Cause of Parkinson's Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Anemia Recovery after Trauma: A Longitudinal Study.Surgical infections · 2023Article
- Host-directed therapy for bacterial infections -Modulation of the phagolysosome pathway.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
78 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Iron is essential for nearly all living organisms. Innate immunity effectively restricts iron availability to microbial invaders. Some microbes have evolved effective countermeasures that blunt the effect of iron restriction. Recent epidemiologic studies have highlighted the potentiating effect of iron on microbial infections. Laboratory studies have focused on specific immune mechanisms that mediate iron withholding from microbes constitutively and in response to infections. Specialized inflammation-regulated proteins chelate iron, trap siderophores, and transport iron or modulate its transport to alter its tissue distribution during infections.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.