ArticleBMC immunology2009
Dynamics of central and peripheral immunomodulation in a murine glioma model.
Article in BMC immunology, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers.
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Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed, 77 citations in OpenAlex.
- Complement Factor H Is an ICOS Ligand Modulating Tregs in the Glioma Microenvironment.Cancer immunology research · 2025Article
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- Epithelial-mesenchymal transition is the main way in which glioma-associated microglia/macrophages promote glioma progression.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Effects of glioblastoma-derived extracellular vesicles on the functions of immune cells.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2023Review
- Deciphering immune microenvironment and cell evasion mechanisms in human gliomas.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Review
- HOXA-AS2 contributes to regulatory T cell proliferation and immune tolerance in glioma through the miR-302a/KDM2A/JAG1 axis.Cell death & disease · 2022Article
- Immune Activity and Response Differences of Oncolytic Viral Therapy in Recurrent Glioblastoma: Gene Expression Analyses of a Phase IB Study.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2022Article
- The Eclectic Nature of Glioma-Infiltrating Macrophages and Microglia.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- RelB and Neuroinflammation.Cells · 2021Review
- The Glioblastoma Microenvironment: Morphology, Metabolism, and Molecular Signature of Glial Dynamics to Discover Metabolic Rewiring Sequence.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- A review of glioblastoma immunotherapy.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2021Review
- Dendritic Cell Vaccination of Glioblastoma: Road to Success or Dead End.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- Combination checkpoint therapy with anti-PD-1 and anti-BTLA results in a synergistic therapeutic effect against murine glioblastoma.Oncoimmunology · 2021Article
- A novel miR1983-TLR7-IFNβ circuit licenses NK cells to kill glioma cells, and is under the control of galectin-1.Oncoimmunology · 2021Article
- Distribution and prognostic impact of microglia/macrophage subpopulations in gliomas.Brain pathology (Zurich, Switzerland) · 2019Article
- Tumor growth under rhGM-CSF application in an orthotopic rodent glioma model.Oncology letters · 2019Article
- The neuropathological basis to the functional role of microglia/macrophages in gliomas.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2017Review
- Article
- Article
- Impact of Human Immunodeficiency Virus in the Pathogenesis and Outcome of Patients with Glioblastoma Multiforme.Brain tumor research and treatment · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundImmunosuppression by gliomas contributes to tumor progression and treatment resistance. It is not known when immunosuppression occurs during tumor development but it likely involves cross-talk among tumor cells, tumor-associated macrophages and microglia (TAMs), and peripheral as well as tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs).
resultsWe have performed a kinetic study of this immunomodulation, assessing the dynamics of immune infiltration and function, within the central nervous system (CNS) and peripherally. PDGF-driven murine glioma cells were injected into the white matter of 13 mice. Four mice were sacrificed 13 days post-injection (dpi), four mice at 26 dpi, and five mice at 40 dpi. Using multiparameter flow cytometry, splenic T cells were assessed for FoxP3 expression to identify regulatory T cells (Tregs) and production of IFN-gamma and IL-10 after stimulation with PMA/ionomycin; within the CNS, CD4+ TILs were quantified, and TAMs were quantified and assessed for TNF-alpha and IL-10 production after stimulation with LPS. Peripheral changes associated with tumor development were noted prior to effects within the CNS. The percentage of FoxP3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) increased by day 26, with elevated frequencies throughout the duration of the study. This early increase in Tregs was paralleled by an increase in IL-10 production from Tregs. At the final time points examined (tumor morbidity or 40 dpi), there was an increase in the frequency of TAMs with decreased capacity to secrete TNF-alpha. An increase in TIL frequency was also observed at these final time points.
conclusionThese data provide insight into the kinetics of the immunosuppressive state associated with tumor growth in a murine model of human gliomas. Functional impairment of TAMs occurs relatively late in the course of GBM tumor growth, potentially providing a window of opportunity for therapeutic strategies directed towards preventing their functional impairment.
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