ArticleJournal of virology2009
Persistent West Nile virus associated with a neurological sequela in hamsters identified by motor unit number estimation.
Article in Journal of virology, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 46 citations in OpenAlex.
- Flaviviruses-Induced Neurological Sequelae.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Long-term, West Nile virus-induced neurological changes: A comparison of patients and rodent models.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2020Review
- West Nile Virus: An Update on Pathobiology, Epidemiology, Diagnostics, Control and "One Health" Implications.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- Zika virus infection causes temporary paralysis in adult mice with motor neuron synaptic retraction and evidence for proximal peripheral neuropathy.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Syrian Hamster as an Animal Model for the Study on Infectious Diseases.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Review
- Zika virus-induced acute myelitis and motor deficits in adult interferon αβ/γ receptor knockout mice.Journal of neurovirology · 2018Article
- Small-Animal Models of Zika Virus.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2017Review
- Visualization of West Nile Virus in Urine Sediment using Electron Microscopy and Immunogold up to Nine Years Postinfection.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2017Article
- Zika Virus infection of rhesus macaques leads to viral persistence in multiple tissues.PLoS pathogens · 2017Article
- Osteopontin ImpactsMediators of inflammation · 2017Article
- Efficacy of the broad-spectrum antiviral compound BCX4430 against Zika virus in cell culture and in a mouse model.Antiviral research · 2017Article
- Evaluation of prolonged fatigue post-West Nile virus infection and association of fatigue with elevated antiviral and proinflammatory cytokines.Viral immunology · 2014Article
- Inhibition of West Nile virus by calbindin-D28k.PloS one · 2014Article
- Neurological approaches for investigating West Nile virus disease and its treatment in rodents.Antiviral research · 2013Review
- Persistence of detectable immunoglobulin M antibodies up to 8 years after infection with West Nile virus.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2013Article
- Fatal neurological respiratory insufficiency is common among viral encephalitides.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2013Article
- A hamster-derived West Nile virus isolate induces persistent renal infection in mice.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2013Article
- Review
- West Nile Virus: biology, transmission, and human infection.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2012Review
- A hamster-derived West Nile virus strain is highly attenuated and induces a differential proinflammatory cytokine response in two murine cell lines.Virus research · 2012Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
To investigate the hypothesis that neurological sequelae are associated with persistent West Nile virus (WNV) and neuropathology, we developed an electrophysiological motor unit number estimation (MUNE) assay to measure the health of motor neurons temporally in hamsters. The MUNE assay was successful in identifying chronic neuropathology in the spinal cords of infected hamsters. MUNE was suppressed at days 9 to 92 in hamsters injected subcutaneously with WNV, thereby establishing that a long-term neurological sequela does occur in the hamster model. MUNE suppression at day 10 correlated with the loss of neuronal function as indicated by reduced choline acetyltransferase staining (R(2) = 0.91). Between days 10 and 26, some alpha-motor neurons had died, but further neuronal death was not detected beyond day 26. MUNE correlated with disease phenotype, because the lowest MUNE values were detected in paralyzed limbs. Persistent WNV RNA and foci of WNV envelope-positive cells were identified in the central nervous systems of all hamsters tested from 28 to 86 days. WNV-positive staining colocalized with the neuropathology, which suggested that persistent WNV or its products contributed to neuropathogenesis. These results established that persistent WNV product or its proteins cause dysfunction, that WNV is associated with chronic neuropathological lesions, and that this neurological sequela is effectively detected by MUNE. Inasmuch as WNV-infected humans can also experience a poliomyelitis-like disease where motor neurons are damaged, MUNE may also be a sensitive clinical or therapeutic marker for those patients.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.