ArticleJournal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology2009
Hepatocellular carcinoma incidence, mortality, and survival trends in the United States from 1975 to 2005.
Article in Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 803 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
803 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 1,693 citations in OpenAlex.
- Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate versus entecavir on the prognosis of hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma after surgical resection: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Pooled it
- The effect of Traditional Chinese Medicine on patients undergoing targeted therapy for primary liver cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Pooled it
- The association between air pollution and cancers: controversial evidence of a systematic review.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2020Pooled it
- Trial
- Salmonella vector creates de novo parvovirus that reduces solid tumors and forms antitumor immune memory.Cell reports. Medicine · 2026Article
- Recent Advances in Graphene-Based Field-Effect Transistor Biosensors for Disease Biomarker Detection and Clinical Prospects.Biosensors · 2026Review
- Article
- Application of Indirect ELISA and PCR Techniques for Detecting of Hepatocellular Carcinoma using Des-gamma Carboxyprothrombin, Alpha-fetoprotein, and Thioredoxin Biomarkers.Molecular biotechnology · 2026Article
- Sequential or upfront triple combination with durvalumab, tremelimumab, and bevacizumab for patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma: the MONTBLANC trial protocol (AIO-HEP-0325/ass).Therapeutic advances in medical oncology · 2026Article
- Article
- HCC-derived SNU cell lines as model systems to study HBV life cycle.Journal of virology · 2025Article
- Comprehensive phosphoproteomic profiling reveals sex-specific regulatory mechanisms in HrasG12V-driven hepatocarcinogenesis.Cancer cell international · 2025Article
- Selective Angiographic Roadmap Analysis (SARA) of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Feeding Arteries for Transarterial Chemoembolization.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Alcoholic Cirrhosis in the Hispanic Population of the United States: A Retrospective Analysis.Gastroenterology research · 2025Article
- Trends and Disparities in Liver Cancer Incidence by Demographic Factors in the United States (1999-2020).Cureus · 2025Article
- Usefulness of multiphasic MRI in assessing suitability for SIRT in treatment of liver malignancies.Abdominal radiology (New York) · 2025Article
- Combining serologic biomarkers with the PAGE B score improves risk stratification for hepatocellular carcinoma development among chronic hepatitis B patients.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Radiomics-based machine-learning method to predict extrahepatic metastasis in hepatocellular carcinoma after hepatectomy: a multicenter study.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Current knowledge about immunotherapy response after liver transplantation of patients with liver cancer.Journal of liver transplantation · 2025Article
- Hepatocellular carcinoma in patients without cirrhosis.World journal of gastroenterology · 2025Review
743 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purposeHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide. Incidence rates are increasing in the United States. Monitoring incidence, survival, and mortality rates within at-risk populations can facilitate control efforts.
methodsAge-adjusted incidence trends for HCC were examined in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) registries from 1975 to 2005. Age-specific rates were examined for birth cohorts born between 1900 and 1959. Age-adjusted incidence and cause-specific survival rates from 1992 to 2005 were examined in the SEER 13 registries by race/ethnicity, stage, and treatment. United States liver cancer mortality rates were also examined.
resultsAge-adjusted HCC incidence rates tripled between 1975 and 2005. Incidence rates increased in each 10-year birth cohort from 1900 through the 1950s. Asians/Pacific Islanders had higher incidence and mortality rates than other racial/ethnic groups, but experienced a significant decrease in mortality rates over time. From 2000 to 2005, marked increases in incidence rates occurred among Hispanic, black, and white middle-aged men. Between 1992 and 2004, 2- to 4-year HCC survival rates doubled, as more patients were diagnosed with localized and regional HCC and prognosis improved, particularly for patients with reported treatment. Recent 1-year survival rates remained, however, less than 50%.
conclusionHCC incidence and mortality rates continue to increase, particularly among middle-aged black, Hispanic, and white men. Screening of at-risk groups and treatment of localized-stage tumors may contribute to increasing HCC survival rates in the United States. More progress is needed.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.