ArticleArthritis research & therapy2009
Blockade of lymphotoxin-beta receptor signaling reduces aspects of Sjögren's syndrome in salivary glands of non-obese diabetic mice.
Article in Arthritis research & therapy, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 62 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
62 citing papers in PubMed, 124 citations in OpenAlex.
- Clinical Efficacy and Safety of Baminercept, a Lymphotoxin β Receptor Fusion Protein, in Primary Sjögren's Syndrome: Results From a Phase II Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial.Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2018Trial
- Tertiary Lymphoid Structure: A Potential Therapeutic Target Affecting Immune Response in Autoimmune Diseases.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2026Review
- The formation and function of tertiary lymphoid structures.Biomarker research · 2026Review
- Role of Innate Oral Immunity and the Salivary Fluid in Inflammatory Bowel Disease.Cellular and molecular gastroenterology and hepatology · 2026Article
- Dynamic progression of ectopic lymphoid structure formation in lacrimal glands of a Sjögren's disease murine model.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Targeting high endothelial venules: potential strategies for cancer treatment.Annals of medicine · 2025Review
- From Lymphotoxin to Tertiary Lymphoid Structures and Beyond.Immunological reviews · 2025Review
- An Introduction to Tertiary Lymphoid Structures in Cancer.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2025Review
- Tertiary lymphoid structures in diseases: immune mechanisms and therapeutic advances.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2024Review
- Chemokines and lymphocyte homing in Sjögren's syndrome.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Investigative biological therapies for primary Sjögren's syndrome.Archives of medical science : AMS · 2024Article
- Distinct fibroblast functions associated with fibrotic and immune-mediated inflammatory diseases and their implications for therapeutic development.F1000Research · 2024Review
- B-Cell Receptor Signaling Is Thought to Be a Bridge between Primary Sjogren Syndrome and Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Ectopic lymphoid structures in the aged lacrimal glands.Clinical immunology (Orlando, Fla.) · 2023Article
- Tertiary lymphoid structures in autoimmune diseases.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Role of lymphotoxin alpha as a new molecular biomarker in revolutionizing tear diagnostic testing for dry eye disease.International journal of ophthalmology · 2023Review
- Antibody deposition on vascular endothelial cells contributes to localized inflammation in salivary glands.Journal of oral pathology & medicine : official publication of the International Association of Oral Pathologists and the American Academy of Oral Pathology · 2022Article
- The emerging role of regulatory cell-based therapy in autoimmune disease.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- High endothelial venules (HEVs) in immunity, inflammation and cancer.Angiogenesis · 2021Review
- Targeted Therapy for Primary Sjögren's Syndrome: Where are We Now?BioDrugs : clinical immunotherapeutics, biopharmaceuticals and gene therapy · 2021Review
2 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionThe lymphotoxin-beta receptor (LTbetaR) pathway is important in the development and maintenance of lymphoid structures. Blocking this pathway has proven beneficial in murine models of autoimmune diseases such as diabetes and rheumatoid arthritis. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of LTbetaR pathway blockade on Sjögren syndrome (SS)-like salivary gland disease in non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice.
methodsThe course of SS-like disease was followed in NOD mice that were given lymphotoxin-beta receptor-immunoglobulin fusion protein (LTbetaR-Ig) starting at 9 weeks of age. Treatment was given as a single weekly dose for 3, 7, or 10 weeks. Age-matched NOD mice treated with mouse monoclonal IgG1, or not treated at all, were used as controls. The severity of inflammation, cellular composition, and lymphoid neogenesis in the submandibular glands were determined by immunohistochemistry. Mandibular lymph nodes were also studied. Saliva flow rates were measured, and saliva was analyzed by a multiplex cytokine assay. The salivary glands were analyzed for CXCL13, CCL19, and CCL21 gene expression by quantitative polymerase chain reaction.
resultsTreatment with LTbetaR-Ig prevented the increase in size and number of focal infiltrates normally observed in this SS-like disease. Compared with the controls, the submandibular glands of LTbetaR-Ig-treated mice had fewer and smaller T- and B-cell zones and fewer high endothelial venules per given salivary gland area. Follicular dendritic cell networks were lost in LTbetaR-Ig-treated mice. CCL19 expression was also dramatically inhibited in the salivary gland infiltrates. Draining lymph nodes showed more gradual changes after LTbetaR-Ig treatment. Saliva flow was partially restored in mice treated with 10 LTbetaR-Ig weekly injections, and the saliva cytokine profile of these mice resembled that of mice in the pre-disease state.
conclusionsOur findings show that blocking the LTbetaR pathway results in ablation of the lymphoid organization in the NOD salivary glands and thus an improvement in salivary gland function.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.