ArticleTobacco induced diseases2009
Age of smoking initiation and risk of breast cancer in a sample of Ontario women.
Article in Tobacco induced diseases, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Meta-analysis of smoking and breast cancer risk: by age of smoking initiation.Breast cancer (Tokyo, Japan) · 2025Pooled it
- The relationship between tobacco and breast cancer incidence: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Pooled it
- Environmental tobacco smoke exposure and risk of breast cancer in nonsmoking women. An updated review and meta-analysis.Inhalation toxicology · 2016Pooled it
- Smoking before the first pregnancy and the risk of breast cancer: a meta-analysis.American journal of epidemiology · 2011Pooled it
- Do the Number of Cigarettes Smokes per Day Contribute to the Incident of Malignant Cancer?Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP · 2019Article
- Risk factors for Luminal A ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) and invasive breast cancer in the Carolina Breast Cancer Study.PloS one · 2019Article
- Aspirin abrogates impairment of mammary gland differentiation induced by early in life second-hand smoke in mice.Carcinogenesis · 2018Article
- The Role of Nitrosamine (NNK) in Breast Cancer Carcinogenesis.Journal of mammary gland biology and neoplasia · 2017Review
- Effect of Genetic Polymorphisms and Long-Term Tobacco Exposure on the Risk of Breast Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2016Article
- Cigarette Smoking and Breast Cancer Risk in Hispanic and Non-Hispanic White Women: The Breast Cancer Health Disparities Study.Journal of women's health (2002) · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesTo examine the association between time of smoking initiation and both the independent and joint effects of active and passive tobacco smoke exposure and the risk of breast cancer in a sample of Ontario women.
methodsData from two large population-based case-control studies conducted among Ontario women aged 25-75 years were combined for analysis (n = 12,768).
resultsWomen who had ever smoked and were exposed to passive smoke had a significant increased risk of breast cancer (OR 1.13, 95%CI 1.01-1.25). A significant increased risk was also observed among women who initiated smoking: at age 26 or older (OR 1.26, 95%CI 1.03-1.55); more than five years from menarche (OR 1.26, 95%CI 1.12-1.42); and, after their first live birth (OR 1.25, 95%CI 1.02-1.52).
conclusionThe results suggest that women who initiate smoking at an older age are at an increased risk of breast cancer.
Identifiers
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.