ArticleJournal of neurochemistry2009
In vitro glutaminase regulation and mechanisms of glutamate generation in HIV-1-infected macrophage.
Article in Journal of neurochemistry, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 40 citations in OpenAlex.
- From HIV to SARS-CoV-2 associated neurological disorder ("HAND" to "SAND"): Viral infection as a "time-bomb" for the aging brain.Neuroscience applied · 2026Review
- The Glutamate System as a Crucial Regulator of CNS Toxicity and Survival of HIV Reservoirs.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2020Review
- Structures, functions, and mechanisms of filament forming enzymes: a renaissance of enzyme filamentation.Biophysical reviews · 2019Review
- Glutamine Antagonist JHU083 Normalizes Aberrant Glutamate Production and Cognitive Deficits in the EcoHIV Murine Model of HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2019Article
- SIV-Induced Immune Activation and Metabolic Alterations in the Dorsal Root Ganglia During Acute Infection.Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology · 2019Article
- Involvement of extrasynaptic glutamate in physiological and pathophysiological changes of neuronal excitability.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2018Review
- Neuronal Cell Death.Physiological reviews · 2018Review
- Glutaminase 1 regulates the release of extracellular vesicles during neuroinflammation through key metabolic intermediate alpha-ketoglutarate.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2018Article
- Evidence for Altered Glutamine Metabolism in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infected Primary Human CD4AIDS research and human retroviruses · 2017Article
- N-(Pivaloyloxy)alkoxy-carbonyl Prodrugs of the Glutamine Antagonist 6-Diazo-5-oxo-l-norleucine (DON) as a Potential Treatment for HIV Associated Neurocognitive Disorders.Journal of medicinal chemistry · 2017Article
- TNF-α promotes extracellular vesicle release in mouse astrocytes through glutaminase.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2017Article
- HIV Vpr controls CNS metabolism.Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.) · 2016Article
- Glutamate metabolism in HIV-1 infected macrophages: Role of HIV-1 Vpr.Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.) · 2016Article
- Glutaminase-containing microvesicles from HIV-1-infected macrophages and immune-activated microglia induce neurotoxicity.Molecular neurodegeneration · 2015Article
- Macrophages treated with particulate matter PM2.5 induce selective neurotoxicity through glutaminase-mediated glutamate generation.Journal of neurochemistry · 2015Article
- HIV-1, methamphetamine and astrocytes at neuroinflammatory Crossroads.Frontiers in microbiology · 2015Review
- Glutaminase 1 is essential for the differentiation, proliferation, and survival of human neural progenitor cells.Stem cells and development · 2014Article
- Glutamate metabolism and HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders.Journal of neurovirology · 2014Review
- Adenosine triphosphate released from HIV-infected macrophages regulates glutamatergic tone and dendritic spine density on neurons.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2013Article
- Targeting the glutamatergic system for the treatment of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2013Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Mononuclear phagocyte (MP, macrophages and microglia) dysfunction plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of HIV-1-associated dementia (HAD) through the production and release of soluble neurotoxic factors including glutamate. Glutamate production is greatly increased following HIV-1 infection of cultured MP, a process dependent upon the glutamate-generating enzyme glutaminase. Glutaminase inhibition was previously found to significantly decrease macrophage-mediated neurotoxicity. Potential mechanisms of glutaminase-mediated excitotoxicity including enzyme up-regulation, increased enzyme activity and glutaminase localization were investigated in this report. RNA and protein analysis of HIV-infected human primary macrophage revealed up-regulation of the glutaminase isoform GAC, yet identified no changes in the kidney-type glutaminase isoform over the course of infection. Glutaminase is a mitochondrial protein, but was found to be released into the cytosol and extracellular space following infection. This released enzyme is capable of rapidly converting the abundant extracellular amino acid glutamine into excitotoxic levels of glutamate in an energetically favorable process. These findings support glutaminase as a potential component of the HAD pathogenic process and identify a possible therapeutic avenue for the treatment of neuroinflammatory states such as HAD.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.