ReviewArteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology2009
Estrogen and mechanisms of vascular protection.
Review in Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 173 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
173 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 367 citations in OpenAlex.
- National, regional and provincial prevalence of peripheral artery disease in Chinese adults in 2023: an updated systematic review and modelling study.Journal of global health · 2026Pooled it
- Dietary inflammatory index and cardiovascular risk and mortality: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Inflammatory markers and blood glucose are higher after morning vs afternoon exercise in type 2 diabetes.Diabetologia · 2025Trial
- Impact of a Precision Intervention for Vascular Health in Middle-Aged and Older Postmenopausal Women Using Polar Heart Rate Sensors: A 24-Week RCT Study Based on the New Compilation of Tai Chi (Bafa Wubu).Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Trial
- Genistein Supplementation and Cardiac Function in Postmenopausal Women with Metabolic Syndrome: Results from a Pilot Strain-Echo Study.Nutrients · 2017Trial
- Timing of Estradiol Treatment After Menopause May Determine Benefit or Harm to Insulin Action.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2015Trial
- Incidence, national trend, and outcome of nontraumatic subarachnoid haemorrhage in Taiwan: initial lower mortality, poor long-term outcome.BioMed research international · 2014Trial
- Greater endogenous estrogen exposure is associated with longer telomeres in postmenopausal women at risk for cognitive decline.Brain research · 2011Trial
- Mechanisms of Hypertension in Women: Interactions Between Vascular Ageing, Metabolic Dysfunction, and Hormonal Regulation.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Chronic kidney disease related mortality trends with and without valvular heart disease among adults in the United States: A retrospective analysis.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2026Article
- Blood Pressure Changes During Aging and Menopause Among Forager-Horticulturalists in the Bolivian Amazon.American journal of biological anthropology · 2026Article
- Co-translational profiling in the cardiac endothelium in response to LPS-induced inflammation in female mice in vivo: a proof-of-concept approach.Molecular and cellular biochemistry · 2026Article
- Clonal Hematopoiesis and Risk of Stroke: Evidence From Over 800 000 Individuals Across 3 Cohorts.Stroke · 2026Article
- Vascular health and exercise in females throughout the lifespan: Exploring puberty, pregnancy and menopause.Experimental physiology · 2026Review
- Predictors of Adverse Outcomes During 30-Day Follow-Up in Patients Aged 75 Years and Older with Acute Coronary Syndrome.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Article
- Transdermal Hormonal Therapy in Menopause: Current Evidence and Personalized Approaches.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- Sex disparities in STEMI pathophysiology: Presentation, treatments, and outcomes.Global cardiology science & practice · 2026Review
- A Single Concussion in Juvenile Mice Leads to Sex Specific Acute Cerebral Vascular Dysfunction and Blood-brain Border Dysfunction.Research square · 2026Article
- Sex differences in the association of vascular risk and APOE Genotype with cognitive decline and dementia: evidence from a U.S. longitudinal study.Lancet regional health. Americas · 2026Article
- Sex-specific effects of methylprednisolone on outcomes after endovascular treatment for acute ischemic stroke due to large vessel occlusion: A secondary analysis of the MARVEL trial.Therapeutic advances in neurological disorders · 2026Article
113 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Estrogen has antiinflammatory and vasoprotective effects when administered to young women or experimental animals that appear to be converted to proinflammatory and vasotoxic effects in older subjects, particularly those that have been hormone free for long periods. Clinical studies have raised many important questions about the vascular effects of estrogen that cannot easily be answered in human subjects. Here we review cellular/molecular mechanisms by which estrogen modulates injury-induced inflammation, growth factor expression, and oxidative stress in arteries and isolated vascular smooth muscle cells, with emphasis on the role of estrogen receptors and the nuclear factor-kappaB (NFkappaB) signaling pathway, as well as evidence that these protective mechanisms are lost in aging subjects.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.