ArticleNature medicine2009
Effector memory T cell responses are associated with protection of rhesus monkeys from mucosal simian immunodeficiency virus challenge.
Article in Nature medicine, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 450 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
450 citing papers in PubMed, 669 citations in OpenAlex.
- Focusing HIV-1 Gag T cell responses to highly conserved regions by DNA vaccination in HVTN 119.JCI insight · 2024Trial
- Augmentation of HIV-specific T cell function by immediate treatment of hyperacute HIV-1 infection.Science translational medicine · 2019Trial
- Live attenuated varicella-zoster virus vaccine does not induce HIV target cell activation.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2019Trial
- Trial
- Higher T-Cell Responses Induced by DNA/rAd5 HIV-1 Preventive Vaccine Are Associated With Lower HIV-1 Infection Risk in an Efficacy Trial.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2017Trial
- Long-term follow up of human T-cell responses to conserved HIV-1 regions elicited by DNA/simian adenovirus/MVA vaccine regimens.PloS one · 2017Trial
- Brief Report: HIV-1 gp120 T-Cell Responses Correspond to Infection Outcomes in the Global iPrEx Chemoprophylaxis Trial.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2016Trial
- Article
- Co-regulation of HIV control and cytomegalovirus pp65-specific IL-1β and TNF-α responses by genetic variants in the MHC region.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- Targeting MHC-E as a new strategy for vaccines and immunotherapeutics.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2026Review
- Association of Human Cytomegalovirus exposure with tuberculosis disease in South African adults with presumptive tuberculosis.PLOS global public health · 2026Article
- Article
- Cytomegalovirus latency-the sum of subtleties.Journal of virology · 2025Review
- Advances in viral vector-based delivery systems for gene therapy: a comprehensive review.3 Biotech · 2025Review
- Persistence of CMV-specific anti-HIV CAR T cells after adoptive immunotherapy.Journal of virology · 2025Article
- Can Humanized Immune System Mouse and Rat Models Accelerate the Development of Cytomegalovirus-Based Vaccines Against Infectious Diseases and Cancers?International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- The pentameric complex is not required for congenital CMV transmission in seronegative rhesus macaques.Science translational medicine · 2025Article
- Article
- Heightened innate immune state induced by viral vector leads to enhanced response to challenge and prolongs malaria vaccine protection.iScience · 2024Article
- Human cytomegalovirus UL18 prevents priming of MHC-E- and MHC-II-restricted CD8Science immunology · 2024Article
390 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
- Commented on by
- Erratum issued
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
15 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The rapid onset of massive, systemic viral replication during primary HIV or simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infection and the immune evasion capabilities of these viruses pose fundamental problems for vaccines that depend upon initial viral replication to stimulate effector T cell expansion and differentiation. We hypothesized that vaccines designed to maintain differentiated effector memory T cell (TEM cell) responses at viral entry sites might improve efficacy by impairing viral replication at its earliest stage, and we have therefore developed SIV protein-encoding vectors based on rhesus cytomegalovirus (RhCMV), the prototypical inducer of life-long TEM cell responses. RhCMV vectors expressing SIV Gag, Rev-Tat-Nef and Env persistently infected rhesus macaques, regardless of preexisting RhCMV immunity, and primed and maintained robust, SIV-specific CD4+ and CD8+ TEM cell responses (characterized by coordinate tumor necrosis factor, interferon-gamma and macrophage inflammatory protein-1beta expression, cytotoxic degranulation and accumulation at extralymphoid sites) in the absence of neutralizing antibodies. Compared to control rhesus macaques, these vaccinated rhesus macaques showed increased resistance to acquisition of progressive SIVmac239 infection upon repeated limiting-dose intrarectal challenge, including four macaques who controlled rectal mucosal infection without progressive systemic dissemination. These data suggest a new paradigm for AIDS vaccine development--vaccines capable of generating and maintaining HIV-specific TEM cells might decrease the incidence of HIV acquisition after sexual exposure.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.