ArticleScience (New York, N.Y.)2009
The hallucinogen N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) is an endogenous sigma-1 receptor regulator.
Article in Science (New York, N.Y.), 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 252 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
252 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 517 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of psychedelics on neurogenesis and broader neuroplasticity: a systematic review.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2024Pooled it
- Rapid and sustained antidepressant effects of vaporized N,N-dimethyltryptamine: a phase 2a clinical trial in treatment-resistant depression.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2025Trial
- Effect of memantine on cough reflex sensitivity: translational studies in guinea pigs and humans.The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics · 2015Trial
- Tryptamine from wake-active monoaminergic neurons regulates sleep homeostasis.Nature neuroscience · 2026Article
- Mechanistic insights toward dissociating therapeutic from psychedelic effects: bridging the gap between psychedelic research and mental health care.Translational psychiatry · 2026Review
- Sigma1 Receptor Activation Confers Durable Neuroprotection Following Neonatal Ischemic Retinal Injury.Research square · 2026Article
- Short- and Long-Acting Psychedelics: Structure-Activity Relationships, Pharmacology, and Implications for Neuropsychiatric Therapeutics.ACS chemical neuroscience · 2026Review
- Trials, trips, and tribulations: pathways for implementing psychedelic therapy in Ireland.The international journal of neuropsychopharmacology · 2026Review
- Sigma receptor ligands in selected affective disorders, psychoses, and addictions - a narrative review.Pharmacological reports : PR · 2026Review
- N,N-Dimethyltryptamine (DMT) Acutely Exposed to Mouse Ventral Tegmental Area IJournal of neurochemistry · 2026Article
- Trip killers: Addressing a critical knowledge gap in psychedelic research.Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England) · 2026Review
- Psilocybin and ayahuasca in treatment-resistant depression: clinical evidence, methodological constraints and ethical challenges: a narrative review.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Review
- SigmaR1 is an auxiliary translocon factor with lipid-binding activity that regulates protein and lipid droplet homeostasis.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Sigma-1 Receptor Ligands for CNS Cancer Treatment.CNS drugs · 2025Review
- Psychedelic 5-HTNature neuroscience · 2025Article
- The polypharmacology of psychedelics reveals multiple targets for potential therapeutics.Neuron · 2025Article
- The evolution of N, N-Dimethyltryptamine: from metabolic pathways to brain connectivity.Psychopharmacology · 2025Review
- Implications of Indolethylamine N-Methyltransferase (INMT) in Health and Disease: Biological Functions, Disease Associations, Inhibitors, and Analytical Approaches.Brain sciences · 2025Review
- Article
- Psychoactive substances: novel molecular insights and therapeutic potential for Alzheimer's disease.Translational neurodegeneration · 2025Review
192 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The sigma-1 receptor is widely distributed in the central nervous system and periphery. Originally mischaracterized as an opioid receptor, the sigma-1 receptor binds a vast number of synthetic compounds but does not bind opioid peptides; it is currently considered an orphan receptor. The sigma-1 receptor pharmacophore includes an alkylamine core, also found in the endogenous compound N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT). DMT acts as a hallucinogen, but its receptor target has been unclear. DMT bound to sigma-1 receptors and inhibited voltage-gated sodium ion (Na+) channels in both native cardiac myocytes and heterologous cells that express sigma-1 receptors. DMT induced hypermobility in wild-type mice but not in sigma-1 receptor knockout mice. These biochemical, physiological, and behavioral experiments indicate that DMT is an endogenous agonist for the sigma-1 receptor.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.