ReviewJournal of neuroendocrinology2009
Control of cell number in the sexually dimorphic brain and spinal cord.
Review in Journal of neuroendocrinology, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 51 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
51 citing papers in PubMed, 96 citations in OpenAlex.
- Temporal gating of sex-specific apoptosis shapes the sexually dimorphic brain.Cell genomics · 2026Article
- Changes in estrogen receptor α positive cells in the amygdala and bed nucleus of the stria terminalis during pregnancy and the postpartum period in rats.Histochemistry and cell biology · 2025Article
- Microglia phagocytosis mediates the volume and function of the rat sexually dimorphic nucleus of the preoptic area.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023Article
- Deficiency in the cell-adhesion moleculeFrontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2023Article
- Cell death in the male and female rat medial prefrontal cortex during early postnatal development.IBRO neuroscience reports · 2021Article
- Exposure to prenatal PCBs shifts the timing of neurogenesis in the hypothalamus of developing rats.Journal of experimental zoology. Part A, Ecological and integrative physiology · 2020Article
- A new view of sexual differentiation of mammalian brain.Journal of comparative physiology. A, Neuroethology, sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology · 2020Review
- Sex Differences in Brain Injury and Repair in Newborn Infants: Clinical Evidence and Biological Mechanisms.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2019Review
- Rethinking sex determination of non-gonadal tissues.Current topics in developmental biology · 2019Review
- The Expression of Hypoxia-Induced Gene 1 (Higd1a) in the Central Nervous System of Male and Female Rats Differs According to Age.Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN · 2018Article
- Perinatal Exposure to an Environmentally Relevant Mixture of Phthalates Results in a Lower Number of Neurons and Synapses in the Medial Prefrontal Cortex and Decreased Cognitive Flexibility in Adult Male and Female Rats.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2018Article
- Gene regulatory mechanisms underlying sex differences in brain development and psychiatric disease.Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · 2018Review
- Understanding the role of steroids in typical and atypical brain development: Advantages of using a "brain in a dish" approach.Journal of neuroendocrinology · 2018Review
- Temporal Expression Patterns of Genes Related to Sex Steroid Action in Sexually Dimorphic Nuclei During Puberty.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2018Article
- Article
- Patterns of cell death in the perinatal mouse forebrain.The Journal of comparative neurology · 2017Article
- Enduring, Sexually Dimorphic Impact of In Utero Exposure to Elevated Levels of Glucocorticoids on Midbrain Dopaminergic Populations.Brain sciences · 2016Review
- Potential Diagnostic, Prognostic and Therapeutic Targets of MicroRNAs in Human Gastric Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2016Review
- Sex-specific disruption of murine midbrain astrocytic and dopaminergic developmental trajectories following antenatal GC treatment.Brain structure & function · 2016Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The hormonal control of cell death is currently the best-established mechanism for creating sex differences in cell number in the brain and spinal cord. For example, males have more cells than do females in the principal nucleus of the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNSTp) and spinal nucleus of the bulbocavernosus (SNB), whereas females have a cell number advantage in the anteroventral periventricular nucleus (AVPV). In each case, the difference in cell number in adulthood correlates with a sex difference in the number of dying cells at some point in development. Mice with over- or under-expression of cell death genes have been used to test more directly the contribution of cell death to neural sex differences, to identify molecular mechanisms involved, and to determine the behavioural consequences of suppressing developmental cell death. Bax is a pro-death gene of the Bcl-2 family that is singularly important for apoptosis in neural development. In mice lacking bax, the number of cells in the BNSTp, SNB and AVPV are significantly increased, and sex differences in total cell number in each of these regions are eliminated. Cells rescued by bax gene deletion in the BNSTp express markers of differentiated neurones and the androgen receptor. On the other hand, sex differences in other phenotypically identified populations, such as vasopressin-expressing neurones in the BNSTp or dopaminergic neurones in AVPV, are not affected by either bax deletion or bcl-2 over-expression. Possible mechanisms by which testosterone may regulate cell death in the nervous system are discussed, as are the behavioural effects of eliminating sex differences in neuronal cell number.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.