Trial reportJournal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology2009
Randomized phase II trial of erlotinib versus temozolomide or carmustine in recurrent glioblastoma: EORTC brain tumor group study 26034.
Trial report in Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT00086879 (Randomized Phase II of TARCEVA™), which is not on this map. Cited by 283 papers, 8 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Randomized Phase II of TARCEVA™ (Erlotinib) Versus Temozolomide Or BCNU in Patients With Recurrent Glioblastoma Multiforme
Who cites it
283 citing papers in PubMed, 8 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 563 citations in OpenAlex.
- Receptor tyrosine kinase targeted therapies in glioblastoma: a systematic review.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Identifying the best treatment choice for relapsing/refractory glioblastoma: a systematic review with multiple Bayesian network meta-analyses.The oncologist · 2025Pooled it
- Objective response rate targets for recurrent glioblastoma clinical trials based on the historic association between objective response rate and median overall survival.Neuro-oncology · 2023Pooled it
- Treatment options for progression or recurrence of glioblastoma: a network meta-analysis.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2021Pooled it
- Anti-epidermal growth factor receptor therapy for glioblastoma in adults.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2020Pooled it
- The role of targeted therapies in the management of progressive glioblastoma : a systematic review and evidence-based clinical practice guideline.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2014Guideline
- Progression-free survival as a surrogate endpoint for overall survival in glioblastoma: a literature-based meta-analysis from 91 trials.Neuro-oncology · 2014Pooled it
- Temozolomide for high grade glioma.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2013Pooled it
- Evaluation of toxicity of carmustine with or without bevacizumab in patients with recurrent or progressive high grade gliomas.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2019Trial
- Akt and mTORC1 signaling as predictive biomarkers for the EGFR antibody nimotuzumab in glioblastoma.Acta neuropathologica communications · 2018Trial
- Phase II trial of dacomitinib, a pan-human EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor, in recurrent glioblastoma patients with EGFR amplification.Neuro-oncology · 2017Trial
- Continuous dose-intense temozolomide and cisplatin in recurrent glioblastoma patients.Medicine · 2017Trial
- A phase II study of bevacizumab and erlotinib after radiation and temozolomide in MGMT unmethylated GBM patients.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2016Trial
- Phase I/randomized phase II study of afatinib, an irreversible ErbB family blocker, with or without protracted temozolomide in adults with recurrent glioblastoma.Neuro-oncology · 2015Trial
- Sunitinib administered prior to radiotherapy in patients with non-resectable glioblastoma: results of a phase II study.Targeted oncology · 2014Trial
- Phase I/II study of erlotinib and temsirolimus for patients with recurrent malignant gliomas: North American Brain Tumor Consortium trial 04-02.Neuro-oncology · 2014Trial
- Heat-shock protein peptide complex-96 vaccination for recurrent glioblastoma: a phase II, single-arm trial.Neuro-oncology · 2014Trial
- Radiotherapy plus nimotuzumab or placebo in the treatment of high grade glioma patients: results from a randomized, double blind trial.BMC cancer · 2013Trial
- RTOG 0211: a phase 1/2 study of radiation therapy with concurrent gefitinib for newly diagnosed glioblastoma patients.International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics · 2013Trial
- NABTT 0502: a phase II and pharmacokinetic study of erlotinib and sorafenib for patients with progressive or recurrent glioblastoma multiforme.Neuro-oncology · 2013Trial
223 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
17 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purposeApproximately 50% of glioblastomas (GBMs) are characterized by overexpression of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and EGFR gene amplification. In approximately 25% of instances, constitutively activated EGFR mutants are present. These observations make EGFR-inhibiting drugs a logical approach for trials in recurrent GBM. PATIENTS AND
methodsIn a randomized, controlled, phase II trial, 110 patients with progressive GBM after prior radiotherapy were randomly assigned to either erlotinib or a control arm that received treatment with either temozolomide or carmustine (BCNU). The primary end point was 6-month progression-free survival (PFS). Tumor specimens obtained at first surgery were investigated for EGFR expression; EGFRvIII mutants; EGFR amplification; EGFR mutations in exons 18, 19, and 21; and pAkt. These results were correlated with outcome. Pharmacokinetic analysis was part of the study. RESULTS; Treatment was well tolerated in general; skin toxicity was the most frequent adverse effect of erlotinib. The 6-month PFS rate in the erlotinib arm was 11.4% (95% CI, 4.6% to 21.5%), and it was 24% in the control arm. Of all explored biomarkers, only low pAkt expression appeared to be of borderline significance to an improved outcome. None of the eight patients who had tumors with EGFRvIII mutant presence and PTEN expression had 6-month PFS. The use of enzyme-inducing anticonvulsants significantly increased erlotinib clearance, but pharmacokinetic findings were not related to outcome.
conclusionErlotinib has insufficient single-agent activity in unselected GBM. No clear biomarker associated with improved outcome to erlotinib was identified.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.