Evidence map›Paper›PMID 19204022›Full record

ArticleJournal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry2009

Long-term effects of the concomitant use of memantine with cholinesterase inhibition in Alzheimer disease.

O L Lopez, J T Becker, A S Wahed, J Saxton, R A Sweet, D A Wolk, W Klunk, S T Dekosky

Erratum issued Registry-linked trialOpen access · greenAbstract readComparative Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. It is linked to trial NCT01876823 (Effects of Combined Memantine), which is not on this map. Cited by 96 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
96citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
23.9field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT01876823 phase2 / phase3completednot on this map

Effects of Combined Memantine (Namenda) Plus Escitalopram (Lexapro) Treatment in Elderly Depressed Patients With Cognitive Impairment

TypeinterventionalSponsorNew York State Psychiatric InstituteRan2006 to 2010Enrolled60ConditionsMild Cognitive Impairment, Major Depressive Disorder, Alzheimer's DiseaseArmses-citalopram, Memantine
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

96 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 263 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Trial
  4. Trial
  5. Article
  6. Observational
  7. Article
  8. Immunotherapies: A Treasure Trove of Alzheimer's Disease.Current pharmaceutical biotechnology · 2025
    Review
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Observational
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Review
  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. Review
  19. Cryptotanshinone Attenuates Amyloid-βMolecular neurobiology · 2022
    Article
  20. Review

36 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

  • Erratum issued
5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

O L LopezDepartment of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA. lopezol@upmc.edu
J T Becker
A S Wahed
J Saxton
R A Sweet
D A Wolk
W Klunk
S T Dekosky
Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative · USUniversity of Pittsburgh · USUniversity of Pittsburgh Medical Center · US

Funding

NATIONAL ALZHEIMERS COORDINATING CENTER (NACC)U01AG016976 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI KUKULL, WALTER ANTHONY · 1999 to 2020
$72.8M
TREATMENT OF DEPRESSION IN ALZHEIMER'S DISEASEP50AG005133 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · PI KOFLER, JULIA K · 1985 to 2019
$43.0M
Prediction of Psychosis in Alzheimer DiseaseR01AG027224 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · PI SWEET, ROBERT A · 2007 to 2021
$10.8M
Predictors of Alheimers Disease in Mild Cognitive ImpairmentR01AG020098 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · PI LOPEZ, OSCAR L. · 2002 to 2011
$3.7M
Predictors of Alzheimers Disease in Mild Cognitive ImpairmentR56AG020098 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · PI LOPEZ, OSCAR L. · 2007 to 2007
$482k
ALZHEIMER AND RELATED DEMENTIAS: A LONGITUDINAL STUDYP01AG003705 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · PI BOLLER, FRANCOIS · 1985 to 1987
–
NIA NIH HHS AG027224NIA NIH HHS AG03705NIA NIH HHS AG05133NIA NIH HHS AG16976NIA NIH HHS AG20098NIA NIH HHS P50 AG005133NIA NIH HHS R01 AG020098NIA NIH HHS R01 AG027224NIA NIH HHS R56 AG020098NIA NIH HHS U01 AG016976
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPatients using cholinesterase inhibitors (ChEIs) have a delay in nursing home (NH) admission compared with those who were not using the medication. There are no long-term studies of the effects of memantine in combination with ChEIs use in Alzheimer disease (AD). This study was conducted to examine the effects of ChEIs and memantine on time to death and time to NH admission.

methodsTime to NH admission and death was examined in 943 probable AD patients who had at least a 1-year follow-up evaluation. Of these patients, 140 (14.9%) used both ChEIs and memantine, 387 (41%) [corrected] used only ChEIs, and 416 (44.1%) [corrected] used neither. The mean (SD) follow-up time was 62.3 (35.8) months. The analysis was conducted with multivariable Cox proportional hazard models controlling for critical covariates (ie, age, education level, gender, severity of the dementia, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, heart disease, psychiatric symptoms and use of psychotropic medications).

resultsCompared with those who never used cognitive enhancers, patients who used ChEIs had a significant delay in NH admission (HR: 0.37, 95% CI 0.27 to 0.49); this effect was significantly augmented with the addition of memantine (HR: 0.29, 95% CI 0.11 to 0.72) (memantine+ChEI vs ChEI alone). ChEIs alone, or in combination with memantine had no significant association on time to death.

conclusionsThis observational study revealed that the addition of the NMDA receptor antagonist memantine to the treatment of AD with ChEI significantly altered the treated history of AD by extending time to nursing home admission.

Indexed as

AgedAged, 80 and overAlzheimer DiseaseCholinesterase InhibitorsDrug Therapy, CombinationExcitatory Amino Acid AntagonistsFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHomes for the AgedHumansMaleMemantineMental Status ScheduleNeuropsychological TestsNootropic AgentsNursing HomesCholinesterase InhibitorsExcitatory Amino Acid AntagonistsMemantineNootropic Agents

Identifiers

PMID19204022
PMCPMC2823571
OpenAlexW2171545307

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.