Evidence map›Paper›PMID 19201956›Full record

ArticleApplied and environmental microbiology2009

Structural analysis of biofilm formation by rapidly and slowly growing nontuberculous mycobacteria.

Margaret M Williams, Mitchell A Yakrus, Matthew J Arduino, Robert C Cooksey, Christina B Crane, Shailen N Banerjee, Elizabeth D Hilborn, Rodney M Donlan

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Applied and environmental microbiology, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
40citing papers in PubMed
3.3field-weighted citation impact, top 8% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

40 citing papers in PubMed, 94 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Critical reviews in microbiology · 2026
    Review
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. The effects of silver nitrate onFrontiers in public health · 2025
    Article
  5. Gene expression during the development of Mycobacterium smegmatis biofilms on hydroxyapatite surfaces.International microbiology : the official journal of the Spanish Society for Microbiology · 2024
    Article
  6. A laboratory perspective onFrontiers in microbiology · 2024
    Review
  7. Biofilm · 2023
    Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. Pulmonary non-tuberculous mycobacterial infections: current state and future management.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2020
    Review
  13. Review
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Antibiotics versus biofilm: an emerging battleground in microbial communities.Antimicrobial resistance and infection control · 2019
    Review
  17. Article
  18. Hydrogel delivery of lysostaphin eliminates orthopedic implant infection byProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2018
    Article
  19. Article
  20. Clinical aspects in patients with pulmonary infection caused by mycobacteria of the Mycobacterium abscessus complex, in the Brazilian Amazon.Jornal brasileiro de pneumologia : publicacao oficial da Sociedade Brasileira de Pneumologia e Tisilogia · 2018
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Margaret M WilliamsDivision of Healthcare Quality Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA. MWilliams7@cdc.gov
Mitchell A Yakrus
Matthew J Arduino
Robert C Cooksey
Christina B Crane
Shailen N Banerjee
Elizabeth D Hilborn
Rodney M Donlan
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention · USEnvironmental Protection Agency · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) and rapidly growing mycobacteria (RGM) such as M. abscessus, M. mucogenicum, M. chelonae, and M. fortuitum, implicated in health care-associated infections, are often isolated from potable water supplies as part of the microbial flora. To understand factors that influence growth in their environmental source, clinical RGM and slowly growing MAC isolates were grown as biofilm in a laboratory batch system. High and low nutrient levels were compared, as well as stainless steel and polycarbonate surfaces. Biofilm growth was measured after 72 h of incubation by enumeration of bacteria from disrupted biofilms and by direct quantitative image analysis of biofilm microcolony structure. RGM biofilm development was influenced more by nutrient level than by substrate material, though both affected biofilm growth for most of the isolates tested. Microcolony structure revealed that RGM develop several different biofilm structures under high-nutrient growth conditions, including pillars of various shapes (M. abscessus and M. fortuitum) and extensive cording (M. abscessus and M. chelonae). Although it is a slowly growing species in the laboratory, a clinical isolate of M. avium developed more culturable biofilm in potable water in 72 h than any of the 10 RGM examined. This indicates that M. avium is better adapted for growth in potable water systems than in laboratory incubation conditions and suggests some advantage that MAC has over RGM in low-nutrient environments.

Indexed as

Environmental MicrobiologyBiofilmsColony Count, MicrobialCulture MediaImage Processing, Computer-AssistedMicroscopy, FluorescenceMycobacteriumTime FactorsCulture Media

Identifiers

PMID19201956
PMCPMC2663219
OpenAlexW2108634983

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.