ArticleAmerican journal of human genetics2009
A whole-genome scan and fine-mapping linkage study of auditory-visual synesthesia reveals evidence of linkage to chromosomes 2q24, 5q33, 6p12, and 12p12.
Article in American journal of human genetics, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 71 papers.
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Who cites it
71 citing papers in PubMed, 188 citations in OpenAlex.
- Training synesthetic letter-color associations by reading in color.Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE · 2014Trial
- Absolute pitch exhibits phenotypic and genetic overlap with synesthesia.Human molecular genetics · 2013Trial
- Increased prevalence of synaesthesia in musicians.Perception · 2026Article
- Functional connectivity study on visually evoked auditory response based on high-density electroencephalography.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2026Article
- Transient acquisition process of grapheme-color synesthesia on novel graphemes.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Article
- One- or two-step? New insights into two-step hypothesis and rainbow-like theory for pitch class-color synesthesia.Frontiers in psychology · 2024Article
- Investigation of the relationship between neuroplasticity and grapheme-color synesthesia.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2024Article
- Genetic and environmental architecture of synaesthesia and its association with the autism spectrum-a twin study.Proceedings. Biological sciences · 2023Article
- A new approach to testing mediation of the microbiome at both the community and individual taxon levels.Bioinformatics (Oxford, England) · 2022Article
- Loving Objects: Can Autism Explain Objectophilia?Archives of sexual behavior · 2022Article
- Review
- A case of co-occuring synesthesia, autism, prodigious talent and strong structural brain connectivity.BMC psychiatry · 2020Article
- Reduced perceptual narrowing in synesthesia.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2020Article
- Objectum sexuality: A sexual orientation linked with autism and synaesthesia.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Synaesthetic colour associations for Japanese Kanji characters: from the perspective of grapheme learning.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2019Article
- Learning in colour: children with grapheme-colour synaesthesia show cognitive benefits in vocabulary and self-evaluated reading.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2019Article
- Neurophenomenology of induced and natural synaesthesia.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2019Review
- Investigating genetic links between grapheme-colour synaesthesia and neuropsychiatric traits.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2019Article
- Echoes from the past: synaesthetic colour associations reflect childhood gender stereotypes.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2019Article
- Double-blind study of visual imagery in grapheme-color synesthesia.Cortex; a journal devoted to the study of the nervous system and behavior · 2019Article
11 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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9 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
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Abstract
Synesthesia, a neurological condition affecting between 0.05%-1% of the population, is characterized by anomalous sensory perception and associated alterations in cognitive function due to interference from synesthetic percepts. A stimulus in one sensory modality triggers an automatic, consistent response in either another modality or a different aspect of the same modality. Familiality studies show evidence of a strong genetic predisposition; whereas initial pedigree analyses supported a single-gene X-linked dominant mode of inheritance with a skewed F:M ratio and a notable absence of male-to-male transmission, subsequent analyses in larger samples indicated that the mode of inheritance was likely to be more complex. Here, we report the results of a whole-genome linkage scan for auditory-visual synesthesia with 410 microsatellite markers at 9.05 cM density in 43 multiplex families (n = 196) with potential candidate regions fine-mapped at 5 cM density. Using NPL and HLOD analysis, we identified four candidate regions. Significant linkage at the genome-wide level was detected to chromosome 2q24 (HLOD = 3.025, empirical genome-wide p = 0.047). Suggestive linkage was found to chromosomes 5q33, 6p12, and 12p12. No support was found for linkage to the X chromosome; furthermore, we have identified two confirmed cases of male-to-male transmission of synesthesia. Our results demonstrate that auditory-visual synesthesia is likely to be an oligogenic disorder subject to multiple modes of inheritance and locus heterogeneity. This study comprises a significant step toward identifying the genetic substrates underlying synesthesia, with important implications for our understanding of the role of genes in human cognition and perception.
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