ArticleNature protocols2009
Use of human tissue explants to study human infectious agents.
Article in Nature protocols, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 134 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
134 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 194 citations in OpenAlex.
- Modeling Immunity In Vitro: Slices, Chips, and Engineered Tissues.Annual review of biomedical engineering · 2021Pooled it
- Advantages, limitations, and innovative considerations for established and emerging models of human placental syncytiotrophoblast.Human reproduction update · 2026Review
- Resident CD49aScience advances · 2026Article
- An Ex Vivo Lung Histoculture Model for Studying Pulmonary Infection and Immune Response With SARS-CoV-2 as an Example of RNA Virus.Bio-protocol · 2025Article
- Screening for next generation vaccines in human immune organoids.ImmunoHorizons · 2025Review
- Identification of inducible HIV reservoirs in tonsillar, intestinal and cervical tissue models of HIV latency.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Innovative engineering approaches to model host-microbiome interactions in vitro.Advanced drug delivery reviews · 2025Review
- Ex vivo model of functioning human lymph node reveals role for innate lymphocytes and stroma in response to vaccine adjuvant.Cell reports · 2025Article
- Engineering human immune organoids for translational immunology.Bioactive materials · 2025Review
- Deciphering the Human Germinal Center: A Review of Models to Study T-B Cell Interactions.European journal of immunology · 2025Review
- Article
- Immune organoids: emerging platforms for modeling and analyzing human adaptive immunity.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Modeling reproductive and pregnancy-associated tissues using organ-on-chip platforms: challenges, limitations, and the high throughput data frontier.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2025Review
- Article
- Modeling memory B cell responses in a lymphoid organ-chip to evaluate mRNA vaccine boosting.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2024Article
- Innate immune cell activation by adjuvant AS01 in human lymph node explants is age independent.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2024Article
- The human CD47 checkpoint is targeted by an immunosuppressiveScience immunology · 2024Article
- Immunological landscape of human lymphoid explants during measles virus infection.JCI insight · 2024Article
- 3D human tissue models and microphysiological systems for HIV and related comorbidities.Trends in biotechnology · 2024Review
- Assessment of the Integrity and Function of Human Term Placental Explants in Short-Term Culture.Methods and protocols · 2024Article
74 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The study of human cell-cell and cell-pathogen interactions that occur in the context of complex tissue cytoarchitecture is critical for deciphering the mechanisms of many normal and pathogenic processes. This protocol describes methods for culturing and infecting explants of human tissues to study the pathogenesis of human infectious agents and their local interactions. The protocol relies on the use of fresh human tissues dissected into small blocks or biopsies that are cultured at the liquid-air interface on collagen rafts. These tissue blocks retain their cytoarchitecture and support productive infection of various pathogens without exogenous stimulation. Experimental details for setting up cultures of human tonsils, lymph nodes and cervicovaginal and rectosigmoid tissues, including protocols for their infection with HIV-1 and other pathogens, are described here. Using this protocol, culture and infections can be set up in 3-6 h and be maintained for 2-3 weeks, depending on the tissue used.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.