ArticleThe Journal of biological chemistry2009
An alternative polyamine biosynthetic pathway is widespread in bacteria and essential for biofilm formation in Vibrio cholerae.
Article in The Journal of biological chemistry, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 95 papers.
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Who cites it
95 citing papers in PubMed, 186 citations in OpenAlex.
- Polyamines control inorganic polyphosphate levels during bacterial nitrogen starvation.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Agmatine as the initiating substrate for aspartate semialdehyde-dependent bacterial spermidine biosynthesis.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2026Article
- Arginine Decarboxylase Gene (Microorganisms · 2026Article
- Branched-chain polyamines: evolutionary adaptation and biotechnological potential.Amino acids · 2026Review
- Atypical El TorMicrobiology spectrum · 2026Article
- The arginase-polyamine signaling axis in immune cells: Implications for immune modulation and host-pathogen interactions.iScience · 2026Review
- Recycling of Undigested Proteins Provided by the Host to the Large Intestine Microbiota: Implication for Intestinal Bacterial Anabolism, Growth, and Physiology.Microorganisms · 2025Review
- Article
- Squalamine and claramine A1 disperseBiofilm · 2025Article
- Fimsbactin Siderophores From a South African Marine Sponge Symbiont, Marinomonas sp. PE14-40.Microbial biotechnology · 2025Article
- Research progress on the microbial metabolism and transport of polyamines and their roles in animal gut homeostasis.Journal of animal science and biotechnology · 2025Review
- A hybrid biosynthetic-catabolic pathway for norspermidine production.The Biochemical journal · 2024Article
- Stress response in Escherichia coli following sublethal phenalene-1-one mediated antimicrobial photodynamic therapy: an RNA-Seq study.Photochemical & photobiological sciences : Official journal of the European Photochemistry Association and the European Society for Photobiology · 2024Article
- Cell-lysis sensing drives biofilm formation in Vibrio cholerae.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Role of the polyamine transporter PotABCD during biofilm formation by Streptococcus pneumoniae.PloS one · 2024Article
- Polyamine signaling communications play a key role in regulating the pathogenicity ofMicrobiology spectrum · 2023Article
- A bacterial spermidine biosynthetic pathway via carboxyaminopropylagmatine.Science advances · 2023Article
- Good cop, bad cop: Polyamines play both sides in host immunity and viral replication.Seminars in cell & developmental biology · 2023Review
- Prebiotic Synthesis of Aspartate Using Life's Metabolism as a Guide.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Polyamine-mediated mechanisms contribute to oxidative stress tolerance in Pseudomonas syringae.Scientific reports · 2023Article
35 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Polyamines are small organic cations found in all cells, and the biosynthetic pathway is well described in eukaryotes and Escherichia coli. The characterized pathway uses decarboxylated S-adenosylmethionine as the aminopropyl group donor to form spermidine from putrescine by the key enzymes S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase and spermidine synthase. We report here the in vivo characterization of an alternative polyamine biosynthetic pathway from Vibrio cholerae, the causative agent of human cholera. The pathway uses aspartate beta-semialdehyde as the aminopropyl group donor and consists of a fused protein containing l-2,4-diaminobutyrate aminotransferase and l-2,4-diaminobutyrate decarboxylase, a carboxynorspermidine dehydrogenase (CANSDH), and a carboxynorspermidine decarboxylase (CANSDC). We show that in V. cholerae, this pathway is required for synthesis of both sym-norspermidine and spermidine. Heterologous expression of the V. cholerae pathway in E. coli results in accumulation of the nonnative polyamines diaminopropane and sym-norspermidine. Genetic deletion of the V. cholerae CANSDC led to accumulation of carboxynorspermidine, whereas deletion of either CANSDC or the putative CANSDH led to loss of sym-norspermidine and spermidine. These results allowed unambiguous identification of the gene encoding CANSDH. Furthermore, deletion of either CANSDH or CANSDC led to a 50-60% reduction in growth rate of planktonic cells and severely reduced biofilm formation, which could be rescued by exogenously supplied sym-norspermidine but not spermidine. The pathway was not required for infectivity in a mouse model of V. cholerae infection. Notably, the alternative polyamine biosynthetic pathway is widespread in bacteria and is likely to play a previously unrecognized role in the biology of these organisms.
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