Evidence map›Paper›PMID 19196278›Full record

ArticleEnvironmental microbiology2009

Recognition between symbiotic Vibrio fischeri and the haemocytes of Euprymna scolopes.

Spencer V Nyholm, Jennifer J Stewart, Edward G Ruby, Margaret J McFall-Ngai

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Environmental microbiology, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 82 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
82citing papers in PubMed
4.3field-weighted citation impact, top 6% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

82 citing papers in PubMed, 167 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
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  7. Fidelity in co-diversified symbiosis.Nature communications · 2026
    Article
  8. Review
  9. Applied and environmental microbiology · 2025
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Transient infection ofApplied and environmental microbiology · 2024
    Article
  13. Corrected and republished from: "Applied and environmental microbiology · 2024
    Article
  14. Lighting the way: how theJournal of bacteriology · 2024
    Review
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article

22 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Spencer V NyholmKewalo Marine Laboratory, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA.
Jennifer J Stewart
Edward G Ruby
Margaret J McFall-Ngai
University of Wisconsin–Madison · USUniversity of Connecticut · USZero to Three · US

Funding

VIBRIO VIRULENCE DETERMINANTS IN A BENIGN COLONIZATIONR01RR012294 · NCRR · UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON · PI RUBY, EDWARD G · 1996 to 2011
$6.4M
Vibrio fischeri as a Model for Bacterial ColonizationR37AI050661 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF HAWAII AT MANOA · PI MARGARET J MC FALL-NGAI, Edward G Ruby · 2018 to 2026
$5.4M
Vibrio fischeri as a model of Bacterial ColonizationR01AI050661 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON · PI MC FALL-NGAI, MARGARET J, RUBY, EDWARD G · 2002 to 2016
$5.0M
NCRR NIH HHS R01 RR012294NCRR NIH HHS RR-12294NIAID NIH HHS AI-50661NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI050661NIAID NIH HHS R37 AI050661
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The light organ crypts of the squid Euprymna scolopes permit colonization exclusively by the luminous bacterium Vibrio fischeri. Because the crypt interior remains in contact with seawater, the squid must not only foster the specific symbiosis, but also continue to exclude other bacteria. Investigation of the role of the innate immune system in these processes revealed that macrophage-like haemocytes isolated from E. scolopes recognized and phagocytosed V. fischeri less than other closely related bacterial species common to the host's environment. Interestingly, phagocytes isolated from hosts that had been cured of their symbionts bound five times more V. fischeri cells than those from uncured hosts. No such change in the ability to bind other species of bacteria was observed, suggesting that the host adapts specifically to V. fischeri. Deletion of the gene encoding OmpU, the major outer membrane protein of V. fischeri, increased binding by haemocytes from uncured animals to the level observed for haemocytes from cured animals. Co-incubation with wild-type V. fischeri reduced this binding, suggesting that they produce a factor that complements the mutant's defect. Analyses of the phagocytosis of bound cells by fluorescence-activated cell sorting indicated that once binding to haemocytes had occurred, V. fischeri cells are phagocytosed as effectively as other bacteria. Thus, discrimination by this component of the squid immune system occurs at the level of haemocyte binding, and this response: (i) is modified by previous exposure to the symbiont and (ii) relies on outer membrane and/or secreted components of the symbionts. These data suggest that regulation of host haemocyte binding by the symbiont may be one of many factors that contribute to specificity in this association.

Indexed as

SymbiosisAliivibrio fischeriAnimalsBacterial Outer Membrane ProteinsDecapodiformesGene DeletionHemocytesPhagocytosisBacterial Outer Membrane Proteins

Identifiers

PMID19196278
PMCPMC2652691
OpenAlexW2138497186

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.