ArticleJournal of virology2009
The replication cycle of varicella-zoster virus: analysis of the kinetics of viral protein expression, genome synthesis, and virion assembly at the single-cell level.
Article in Journal of virology, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 72 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
72 citing papers in PubMed, 98 citations in OpenAlex.
- RNA-seq analysis of host and viral gene expression highlights interaction between varicella zoster virus and keratinocyte differentiation.PLoS pathogens · 2014Trial
- Functional characterization of viral transcriptional regulators reveals extensive rewiring of host pathways.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Varicella zoster virus and the central nervous system.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2026Review
- Non-neuronal sites of latency for alphaherpesviruses.Journal of virology · 2026Review
- Varicella Zoster Virus Infection: Clinical Features, Molecular Pathogenesis, Treatment, and Prevention.MedComm · 2026Review
- Upregulation of keratin 15 is required for varicella-zoster virus replication in keratinocytes and is attenuated in the live attenuated vOka vaccine strain.Virology journal · 2024Article
- Epstein-Barr virus reactivation induces divergent abortive, reprogrammed, and host shutoff states by lytic progression.PLoS pathogens · 2024Article
- Varicella Zoster Virus Downregulates Expression of the Nonclassical Antigen Presentation Molecule CD1d.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Varicella Zoster Virus disrupts MAIT cell polyfunctional effector responses.PLoS pathogens · 2024Article
- Epstein-Barr virus reactivation induces divergent abortive, reprogrammed, and host shutoff states by lytic progression.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Oncolytic varicella-zoster virus engineered with ORF8 deletion and armed with drug-controllable interleukin-12.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2024Article
- Creating the "Dew Drop on a Rose Petal": the Molecular Pathogenesis of Varicella-Zoster Virus Skin Lesions.Microbiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR · 2023Review
- Varicella-Zoster Virus-Genetics, Molecular Evolution and Recombination.Current topics in microbiology and immunology · 2023Article
- Rodent models of postherpetic neuralgia: How far have we reached?Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Varicella Zoster Virus infects mucosal associated Invariant T cells.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Article
- Characteristics of herpes zoster infection in patients with COVID-19: a systematic scoping review.International journal of dermatology · 2022Article
- Varicella-zoster virus early infection but not complete replication is required for the induction of chronic hypersensitivity in rat models of postherpetic neuralgia.PLoS pathogens · 2021Article
- Varicella-zoster virus: molecular controls of cell fusion-dependent pathogenesis.Biochemical Society transactions · 2020Review
- Article
12 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) is a human alphaherpesvirus that is highly cell associated in cell culture. Because cell-free virus yields are too low to permit the synchronous infections needed for time-resolved analyses, information is lacking about the sequence of events during the VZV replication cycle. To address this challenge, we differentially labeled VZV-infected inoculum cells (input) and uninfected (output) cells with fluorescent cell dyes or endocytosed nanogold particles and evaluated newly infected cells by confocal immunofluorescence or electron microscopy (EM) at the single-cell level at defined intervals. We demonstrated the spatiotemporal expression of six major VZV proteins, ORF61, IE62, IE63, ORF29, ORF23, and gE, representing all putative kinetic classes, for the first time. Newly synthesized ORF61, as well as IE62, the major VZV transactivator, appeared within 1 h, and they were targeted to different subnuclear compartments. The formation of VZV DNA replication compartments started between 4 and 6 h, involved recruitment of ORF29 to putative IE62 prereplication sites, and resulted in large globular nuclear compartments where newly synthesized viral DNA accumulated. Although considered a late protein, gE accumulated in the Golgi compartment at as early as 4 h. ORF23 capsid protein was present at 9 h. The assembly of viral nucleocapsids and mature enveloped VZ virions was detected by 9 to 12 h by time-resolved EM. Although syncytium formation is a hallmark of VZV infection, infection of neighboring cells did not require cell-cell fusion; its occurrence from 9 h is likely to amplify VZV replication. Our results define the productive cycle of VZV infection in a single cell as occurring in 9 to 12 h.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.