SynthesisThe British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners2009
Psychological treatment of depression in primary care: a meta-analysis.
Synthesis in The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03034343 (Effectiveness of a Brief Psychological Mindfulness Based Intervention for the Treatment of Depression in Primary Care), which is not on this map. Cited by 59 papers, 10 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Effectiveness of a Brief Psychological Mindfulness Based Intervention for the Treatment of Depression in Primary Care: Face-to-face Application, Treatment as Usual and Application Through ICTs
Who cites it
59 citing papers in PubMed, 10 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Constipation is associated with an increased risk of depression: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.Translational psychiatry · 2026Pooled it
- Cognitive behavioral therapy for primary care depression and anxiety: a secondary meta-analytic review using robust variance estimation in meta-regression.Journal of behavioral medicine · 2019Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Collaborative care for anxiety disorders in primary care: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC family practice · 2016Pooled it
- Comparative effectiveness of psychological treatments for depressive disorders in primary care: network meta-analysis.BMC family practice · 2015Pooled it
- The effectiveness of individual interpersonal psychotherapy as a treatment for major depressive disorder in adult outpatients: a systematic review.BMC psychiatry · 2013Pooled it
- Brief psychotherapy for depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis.International journal of psychiatry in medicine · 2012Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Brief psychological therapies for anxiety and depression in primary care: meta-analysis and meta-regression.BMC medicine · 2010Pooled it
- Effectiveness of psychological treatments for depressive disorders in primary care: systematic review and meta-analysis.Annals of family medicinePooled it
- Efficacy of a Blended Low-Intensity Internet-Delivered Psychological Program in Patients With Multimorbidity in Primary Care: Randomized Controlled Trial.Journal of medical Internet research · 2025Trial
- Model of integrated mental health video consultations for people with depression or anxiety in primary care (PROVIDE-C): assessor masked, multicentre, randomised controlled trial.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2024Trial
- Efficacy of Three Low-Intensity, Internet-Based Psychological Interventions for the Treatment of Depression in Primary Care: Randomized Controlled Trial.Journal of medical Internet research · 2020Trial
- A Web-Based Acceptance-Facilitating Intervention for Identifying Patients' Acceptance, Uptake, and Adherence of Internet- and Mobile-Based Pain Interventions: Randomized Controlled Trial.Journal of medical Internet research · 2018Trial
- "I had to somehow still be flexible": exploring adaptations during implementation of brief cognitive behavioral therapy in primary care.Implementation science : IS · 2018Trial
- Trial
- Trial
- An Internet-Based Intervention for Depression in Primary Care in Spain: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Journal of medical Internet research · 2016Trial
- Computerised cognitive behaviour therapy (cCBT) as treatment for depression in primary care (REEACT trial): large scale pragmatic randomised controlled trial.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2015Trial
- Evaluation of a single dose of ferric carboxymaltose in fatigued, iron-deficient women--PREFER a randomized, placebo-controlled study.PloS one · 2014Trial
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAlthough most depressive disorders are treated in primary care and several studies have examined the effects of psychological treatment in primary care, hardly any meta-analytic research has been conducted in which the results of these studies are integrated.
aimTo integrate the results of randomised controlled trials of psychological treatment of depression in adults in primary care, and to compare these results to psychological treatments in other settings. DESIGN OF STUDY: A meta-analysis of studies examining the effects of psychological treatments of adult depression in primary care.
settingPrimary care.
methodAn existing database of studies on psychological treatments of adult depression that was built on systematic searches in PubMed, PsychINFO, EMBASE, and Dissertation Abstracts International was used. Randomised trials were included in which the effects of psychological treatments on adult primary care patients with depression were compared to a control condition.
resultsIn the 15 included studies, the standardised mean effect size of psychological treatment versus control groups was 0.31 (95% CI = 0.17 to 0.45), which corresponds with a numbers-needed-to-treat (NNT) of 5.75. Studies in which patients were referred by their GP for treatment had significantly higher effect sizes (d = 0.43; NNT = 4.20) than studies in which patients were recruited through systematic screening (d = 0.13, not significantly different from zero; NNT = 13.51).
conclusionsAlthough the number of studies was relatively low and the quality varied, psychological treatment of depression was found to be effective in primary care, especially when GPs refer patients with depression for treatment.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.