ArticlePloS one2009
Adult and embryonic GAD transcripts are spatiotemporally regulated during postnatal development in the rat brain.
Article in PloS one, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 42 citations in OpenAlex.
- Salivary Cortisol and Cognitive Decline and Alzheimer Disease in Older Adults.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- epDevAtlas: mapping GABAergic cells and microglia in the early postnatal mouse brain.Nature communications · 2025Article
- epDevAtlas: Mapping GABAergic cells and microglia in postnatal mouse brains.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023Article
- Developmental Inhibitory Changes in the Primary Somatosensory Cortex of the Stargazer Mouse Model of Absence Epilepsy.Biomolecules · 2023Article
- BDNF and JNK Signaling Modulate Cortical Interneuron and Perineuronal Net Development: Implications for Schizophrenia-Linked 16p11.2 Duplication Syndrome.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2021Article
- Neurological Syndromes Associated with Anti-GAD Antibodies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
- Circuit development in the master clock network of mammals.The European journal of neuroscience · 2020Review
- A neuroscientist's guide to transgenic mice and other genetic tools.Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2020Review
- Developmental changes in plasticity, synaptic, glia, and connectivity protein levels in rat basolateral amygdala.Learning & memory (Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y.) · 2019Article
- Critical Period Regulation by Thyroid Hormones: Potential Mechanisms and Sex-Specific Aspects.Frontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2019Article
- A novel homozygous mutation in GAD1 gene described in a schizophrenic patient impairs activity and dimerization of GAD67 enzyme.Scientific reports · 2018Article
- Developmental changes in plasticity, synaptic, glia, and connectivity protein levels in rat medial prefrontal cortex.Learning & memory (Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y.) · 2018Article
- GAD1 alternative transcripts and DNA methylation in human prefrontal cortex and hippocampus in brain development, schizophrenia.Molecular psychiatry · 2018Article
- The effects of prenatal H1N1 infection at E16 on FMRP, glutamate, GABA, and reelin signaling systems in developing murine cerebellum.Journal of neuroscience research · 2017Article
- Developmental changes in plasticity, synaptic, glia and connectivity protein levels in rat dorsal hippocampus.Neurobiology of learning and memory · 2016Article
- GAD2 Alternative Transcripts in the Human Prefrontal Cortex, and in Schizophrenia and Affective Disorders.PloS one · 2016Article
- Glutamic acid decarboxylase 1 alternative splicing isoforms: characterization, expression and quantification in the mouse brain.BMC neuroscience · 2014Article
- Adolescent mouse takes on an active transcriptomic expression during postnatal cerebral development.Genomics, proteomics & bioinformatics · 2014Article
- Modulation of GABAergic transmission in development and neurodevelopmental disorders: investigating physiology and pathology to gain therapeutic perspectives.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2014Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundGABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid), the main inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain, is synthesized by glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD). GAD exists in two adult isoforms, GAD65 and GAD67. During embryonic brain development at least two additional transcripts exist, I-80 and I-86, which are distinguished by insertions of 80 or 86 bp into GAD67 mRNA, respectively. Though it was described that embryonic GAD67 transcripts are not detectable during adulthood there are evidences suggesting re-expression under certain pathological conditions in the adult brain. In the present study we systematically analyzed for the first time the spatiotemporal distribution of different GADs with emphasis on embryonic GAD67 mRNAs in the postnatal brain using highly sensitive methods. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL
findingsQPCR was used to precisely investigate the postnatal expression level of GAD related mRNAs in cortex, hippocampus, cerebellum, and olfactory bulb of rats from P1 throughout adulthood. Within the first three postnatal weeks the expression of both GAD65 and GAD67 mRNAs reached adult levels in hippocampus, cortex, and cerebellum. The olfactory bulb showed by far the highest expression of GAD65 as well as GAD67 transcripts. Embryonic GAD67 splice variants were still detectable at birth. They continuously declined to barely detectable levels during postnatal development in all investigated regions with exception of a comparatively high expression in the olfactory bulb. Radioactive in situ hybridizations confirmed the occurrence of embryonic GAD67 transcripts in the olfactory bulb and furthermore detected their localization mainly in the subventricular zone and the rostral migratory stream. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Embryonic GAD67 transcripts can hardly be detected in the adult brain, except for specific regions associated with neurogenesis and high synaptic plasticity. Therefore a functional role in processes like proliferation, migration or synaptogenesis is suggested.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.